Table 2.
Comparison of pharmacokinetic parameters of R-ketoprofen in plasma from pigletsa treated with ketoprofen versus ketoprofen mixed with iron dextran before injection.
| Parameterb (units) | Treatment | Averagec | 90% Confidence interval | P-valued | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| LL | UL | ||||
| Cmax (μg/mL) | ketoprofen | 3.97e | 3.60 | 4.33 | 0.449 |
| ketoprofen + iron dextran | 3.74e | 3.38 | 4.10 | ||
| AUC0–last (h × μg/mL) | ketoprofen | 2.30f | 1.97 | 2.69 | 0.600 |
| ketoprofen + iron dextran | 2.46f | 2.10 | 2.87 | ||
| AUC0–∞ (h × μg/mL) | ketoprofen | 2.58f | 2.22 | 3.00 | 0.717 |
| ketoprofen + iron dextran | 2.69g | 2.32 | 3.13 | ||
| λ (1/h) | ketoprofen | 1.78g | 1.44 | 2.31 | 0.304 |
| ketoprofen + iron dextran | 1.48g | 1.24 | 1.84 | ||
| T1/2 (h) | ketoprofen | 0.34g | 0.29 | 0.42 | 0.198 |
| ketoprofen + iron dextran | 0.43g | 0.35 | 0.57 | ||
| Tmax (h) | ketoprofen | 0.16h | — | — | — |
| ketoprofen + iron dextran | 0.16h | — | — | ||
| MRT0–∞ (h) | ketoprofen | 0.65e | 0.55 | 0.75 | 0.366 |
| ketoprofen + iron dextran | 0.73e | 0.62 | 0.83 | ||
| Vd/F (mL/kg) | ketoprofen | 299.51g | 266.66 | 341.60 | 0.143 |
| ketoprofen + iron dextran | 353.92g | 308.94 | 414.22 | ||
| Cl/F (mL/h/kg) | ketoprofen | 582.02f | 500.75 | 676.48 | 0.884 |
| ketoprofen + iron dextran | 556.62f | 478.90 | 646.96 | ||
Piglets: n = 8 per treatment group (4 male, 4 female).
Cmax — maximal concentration; AUC — area under the curve; λ — elimination half-life; T1/2— elimination rate constant; MRT — mean residence time; Vd/F — apparent volume of distribution; Cl/F — clearance; LL — lower limit; UL — upper limit.
Calculation of averages for each parameter based on optimal normality and variance equality.
Based on a standard 2-sample Student’s t-test.
Arithmetic mean.
Geometric mean.
Harmonic mean.
Tmax values for all study subjects were the same (Tmax = 0.16 h) regardless of treatment; group averages were unable to be compared statistically due to lack of variance.