Girgis 2011.

Study characteristics
Methods	Design: Randomized controlled trial Setting: General practices in South West Sydney, Australia Recruitment: Asked by practice receptionists to complete a health questionnaire
Participants	213 adults who smoked of Arabic background, av.age 38, 48% M, 18 cpd
Interventions	Intervention: participants received an offer from their GP of free referral to telephone‐based counseling by bilingual Arabic‐speaking registered psychologists in the language of choice (Arabic or English) at times convenient to the participant. Within 2 weeks, 1 of the psychologists telephoned participants and offered counseling based on the ‘5As’ approach Control: participants received the GP’s usual smoking cessation care. No further details on the usual care reported
Outcomes	24h PPA at 12m Validation: None Secondary outcomes: Quit attempts
Funding Source	National Health and Medical Research Council project grant awarded to SG, NAZ and JEW (grant number 295000)
Author's declarations of interest	Authors declared that they had no conflict of interest
Notes	Strategy: Adjunctive counseling Level: Patient Comparison type: Single component vs. standard care
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Sequence Generation	Unclear risk	No details reported
Allocation concealment	Unclear risk	QUOTE: "...an unobtrusive mark visible only to the general practitioners, to convey group randomisation. General practitioners scanned the questionnaire to determine smoking status and group allocation". No further details reported.
Blinding of outcome assessors All outcomes	Unclear risk	Smoking abstinence was self‐report. It is unclear whether 1 group had greater number of person‐to‐person contact than the other
Incomplete outcome data All outcomes	High risk	The overall loss to follow‐up was 39.6% (n = 161/407); 44.6% (n = 95/213) in the intervention group and 34.0% (n = 66/194) in the control group were lost to follow‐up at 12 months. But 52.6% (n = 112/213) of the participants who were allocated to intervention did not consent to the intervention. Also, of the 101 participants who consented, 54.5% (n = 55/101) did not receive counseling as they either refused, had already quit smoking, or could not be contacted. Therefore, 46 people in the intervention group actually received counseling and only 8 of those completed the 6 telephone calls