5. Multi‐component interventions: data not included in analyses.

Outcome	Effect (95% CI)	Studies
Exacerbations: mean number of days to first exacerbation	MD 0.90 (95% CI ‐25.65 to 27.45)	1 study (Bourbeau 2016)
Exacerbations: mean number of ED presentations (all‐cause)	MD ‐0.40 (95% CI ‐0.89 to 0.09)	1 study (Rose 2018)
HA: mean number of hospital admissions (all‐cause)	MD ‐0.11 (95% CI ‐0.36 to 0.14)	2 studies (Ringbaek 2015; Rose 2018)
HA: mean number of hospital admissions (COPD)	MD 0.01 (95% CI ‐0.24 to 026)	1 study (Ringbaek 2015)
HA: mean number of re‐admissions (all cause)	MD ‐0.32 (95% CI ‐0.68 to 0.05)	2 studies (Casas 2006; Sorknaes 2013)
HA: mean number of re‐admissions (COPD)	MD ‐0.06 (95% CI ‐0.57 to 0.45)	1 study (Sorknaes 2013)

CI: confidence interval; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ED: emergency department; HA: hospital admission; MD: mean difference.