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. 2021 Jul 20;2021(7):CD013196. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013196.pub2

Comparison 1. Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care alone.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1.1 RM + UC: exacerbations: number of people experiencing 1 or more exacerbations 1   Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.1.1 6 to < 12 months 1   Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.2 RM + UC: exacerbations: mean number of exacerbations (subgroup duration) 2   Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.2.1 6 to < 12 months 1   Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.2.2 ≥ 12 months 1   Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.3 RM + UC: quality of life: SGRQ total (subgroup duration) 3   Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
1.3.1 6 to < 12 months 2 204 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.49 [‐9.43, 6.44]
1.3.2 ≥ 12 months 1 205 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.90 [‐3.71, 5.51]
1.4 RM + UC: hospital service utilisation: mean hospital admissions (all‐cause) (single) 3 342 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.09 [‐0.43, 0.60]
1.5 RM + UC: hospital service utilisation: hospital admissions (COPD‐related) 3 400 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.01 [‐0.21, 0.18]
1.6 RM + UC: hospital service utilisation: hospital admission rate ratio (GIV) 1   Rate Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.7 RM + UC: hospital service utilisation: HR: time to first hospitalisation after start of intervention 1   Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.8 RM + UC: hospital service utilisation: hospital admissions (COPD‐related) (hazard ratio) 1   Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.9 RM + UC vs UC: hospital use: time to first COPD‐related re‐admission 1   Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.10 RM + UC: hospital use: time to first COPD‐related ED visit 1   Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.11 RM + UC: hospital service utilisation: length of stay (all‐cause) 4 604 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.81 [‐4.83, 3.22]
1.12 RM + UC: hospital service utilisation: length of stay (all‐cause) (hazard ratio) 1   Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.13 RM + UC: hospital service utilisation: length of stay (COPD‐related) 3 618 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.11 [‐0.30, 0.09]
1.14 RM + UC: hospital service utilisation: length of stay (COPD‐related) (hazard ratio) 1   Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.15 RM + UC: mortality (all‐cause) 7 927 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.99 [0.62, 1.58]
1.16 RM + UC: A/D: HADS anxiety (change from baseline, mean difference between groups) 4   Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
1.16.1 26 weeks 2   Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.86 [0.68, 3.04]
1.16.2 52 weeks 2   Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.32 [‐0.47, 1.10]
1.17 RM + UC: A/D: HADS depression (change from baseline, mean difference between groups) (single) 3 577 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.00 [‐0.76, 0.76]
1.17.1 26 weeks 1 110 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.63 [‐2.05, 0.79]
1.17.2 52 weeks 2 467 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.23 [‐0.68, 1.13]
1.18 RM + UC: self‐efficacy: self‐efficacy for managing chronic disease (6‐item scale) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.19 RM + UC: hospital service utilisation: length of stay (COPD‐related) (subgroup duration) 3 618 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.11 [‐0.30, 0.09]