Table 1.
characteristics of patients who remained hospitalized in the ICU at 24 h following sepsis onset, summarized by intubation requirement
| Variable | Non-intubated within 24 h (N = 707) | Intubated within 24 h (N = 345) | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 69.5 | (59.4, 80.2) | 66.0 | (55.4, 74.2) | < 0.001 |
| Sex | 0.24 | ||||
| Male | 383 | (54) | 200 | (58) | |
| Female | 324 | (32) | 145 | (33) | |
| BMI (kg/m2), n = 701/339 | 28.2 | (23.6, 34.5) | 28.5 | (24.5, 35.1) | 0.18 |
| ICU admission source | 0.007 | ||||
| Emergency Department | 328 | (32) | 134 | (34) | |
| Direct admit (from an outside facility) | 249 | (35) | 156 | (36) | |
| Transfer from the floor | 130 | (18) | 55 | (16) | |
| APACHE III score | 68 | (57, 82) | 92 | (74, 115) | < 0.001 |
| SOFA score (day 1) | 6 | (4,8) | 10 | (8,13) | < 0.001 |
| SOFA score (day 2), n = 589/334 | 4 | (2,7) | 7 | (4,10) | < 0.001 |
| Failed to resolve within 6 h per MAP | 113 | (16) | 30 | (9) | 0.001 |
| Failed to resolve within 6 h per lactate | 230 | (37) | 137 | (38) | 0.022 |
| Non-invasive ventilation use | 108 | (15) | 62 | (18) | 0.26 |
| Days on invasive ventilation, n = 153/345 | 0.8 | (0.3, 2.0) | 2.3 | (1.1, 4.8) | < 0.001 |
| ICU mortality | 37 | (5) | 59 | (17) | < 0.001 |
| ICU length of stay (d), n = 670/286 | 2.0 | (1.3, 3.1) | 3.7 | (2.3, 6.9) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital mortality | 82 | (12) | 89 | (26) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital length of stay (d), n = 625/256 | 6.8 | (4.5, 11.4) | 10.3 | (6.6, 20.6) | < 0.001 |
Continuous variables are summarized as median (Q1, Q3) and compared using rank-sum tests. Categorical variables are summarized as n (%) and compared using Chi-squared tests. ICU and hospital length of stay are summarized only for patients who were discharged alive from the ICU and hospital respectively. When information is missing, the number of observations with complete data is presented. Abbreviations: ICU = Intensive Care Unit; APACHE III = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III; SOFA + Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; BMI = Body Mass Index; MAP = Mean Arterial Pressure