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. 2021 Oct 24;19:339. doi: 10.1186/s12951-021-01085-y

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Intracellular NP internalization. a Flow cytometry analysis of the amount of Nile red internalized by A549 cells after 4 h treatment. b Quantitative analysis of mean fluorescence intensity of Nile red (n = 3). c Flow cytometry analysis of the amount of FAM-siPGAM1 internalized by A549 cells after 4 h treatment. d Quantitative analysis of mean fluorescence intensity FAM (n = 3). e Confocal microscopy images of A549 cells after a 4 h treatment with Nile Red, FAM-siPGAM1, LC-Nile Red, LC-FAM-siPGAM1, CLip-PC@LC-Nile red (with and without 50 nM MMP-9), CLip-PC@LC-FAM-siPGAM1 NPs (with and without 50 nM MMP-9), or CLip-PC@CO-LC NPs (with and without 50 nM MMP-9) for 4 h. Green, FAM-labeled siPGAM1. Red, Nile red. Blue, nuclei dyed with DAPI. Scale bars, 10 μm. f Confocal images of A549 cells treated with CLip-PC@CO-LC NPs (MMP-9) for different durations (2 h, 4 h). The green fluorescence of FAM-siPGAM1 is displayed. DAPI (blue) was used to visualize nuclei, and LysoTracker red (red) was used to label the endo/lysosome. Scale bars, 10 μm