Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of Hispanics by place of birth, NHANES (1999-2010)
| Variable | All Hispanics Weighted (n=8,360) |
Hispanics US–Born Weighted (n=3,347) |
Hispanics Foreign–Born Weighted (n=5,013) |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage (n) | ||||
| Sex | <0.0001 | |||
| Male | 51.28 (n=4,145) | 17.22 (n=1,528) | 34.05 (n=2,617) | |
| Female | 48.71 (n=4,215) | 20.51 (n=1,819) | 28.20 (n=2,396) | |
| Education | ||||
| 18-19 years of age | <0.0001 | |||
| 9th grade | 40.99 (n=213) | 19.50 (n=87) | 21.49 (n=126) | |
| 10th–12th grade | 25.60 (n=374) | 16.41 (n=241) | 9.19 (n=133) | |
| High school graduate | 17.34 (n=266) | 10.88 (n=175) | 6.46 (n=91) | |
| GED or equivalent | 1.98 (n=22) | 1.69 (n=17) | 0.29 (n=5) | |
| More than high school | 14.06 (n=174) | 11.92 (n=139) | 2.13 (n=35) | |
| 20+ years of age | ||||
| Less than 9th grade | 26.33 (n=2,666) | 2.83 (n=455) | 23.50 (n=2,211) | |
| 9th–11th grade (Includes 12th grade with no diploma) | 20.83 (n=1,449) | 6.83 (n=541) | 13.99 (n=908) | |
| High school graduate/GED or equivalent | 20.25 (n=1,302) | 9.59 (n=653) | 10.66 (n=649) | |
| Some college or AA degree | 22.52 (n=1,354) | 12.44 (n=789) | 10.07 (n=565) | |
| College graduate or above | 10.05 (n=580) | 4.72 (n=302) | 5.32 (n=278) | |
| Marital Status | <0.0001 | |||
| Married | 52.49 (n=4,205) | 16.09 (n=1,426) | 36.39 (n=2,779) | |
| Widowed | 3.62 (n=532) | 1.31 (n=208) | 2.30 (n=324) | |
| Divorced | 7.01 (n=545) | 3.75 (n=292) | 3.25 (n=253) | |
| Separated | 4.76 (n=341) | 1.41 (n=79) | 3.35 (n=262) | |
| Never married | 23.43 (n=1,822) | 11.17 (n=918) | 12.25 (n=904) | |
| Living with partner | 8.66 (n=583) | 3.38 (n=221) | 5.27 (n=362) | |
| Annual income | <0.0001 | |||
| <$25,000 | 39.42 (n=2,878) | 14.32 (n=1,058) | 25.10 (n=1,820) | |
| $25,000–$54,999 | 40.05 (n=2,652) | 13.52 (n=1,005) | 26.52 (n=1,647) | |
| $≥55,000 | 20.51 (n=1,235) | 9.75 (n=665) | 10.75 (n=570) | |
| Acculturation-related measurements | ||||
| Language spoken at home | <0.0001 | |||
| Only Spanish | 41.80 (n=3,632) | 2.10 (n=243) | 39.70 (n=3,389) | |
| More Spanish than English | 12.20 (n=1,039) | 2.46 (n=271) | 9.73 (n=768) | |
| Both equally | 15.16 (n=1,230) | 8.26 (n=767) | 6.90 (n=463) | |
| More English than Spanish | 12.90 (n=1,036) | 9.28 (n=806) | 3.62 (n=230) | |
| Only English | 17.91 (n=1,365) | 15.41 (n=1,222) | 2.49 (n=143) | |
| Length of residence | ||||
| < 1 year | NA | NA | 5.05 (n=204) | |
| 1–5 years | NA | NA | 14.41 (n=662) | ` |
| 6–10 years | NA | NA | 18.16 (n=776) | |
| 11–15 years | NA | NA | 14.25 (n=574) | |
| >15 years | NA | NA | 48.10 (n=2,577) | |
| Age of arrival | ||||
| <6 years of age | NA | NA | 3.97 (n=155) | |
| 6–18 years of age | NA | NA | 19.42 (n=935) | |
| 18–24 years of age | NA | NA | 31.15 (n=1,287) | |
| >25 years of age | NA | NA | 45.44 (n=2,401) | |
| Mean (95% CI) | ||||
| Age | 39.39 (38.75-40.04) | 37.92 (36.99-38.85) | 40.28 (39.31-41.26) | <0.0001 |
| Allostatic Load | 2.00 (1.94-2.06) | 2.03 (1.95-2.11) | 1.98 (1.91-2.06) | <0.0001 |
NA, not applicable. Significant differences were denoted at p <0.05. The cut-off points used to calculate ALoad scores, and to group the Hispanics by a number of high-risk indicators were systolic blood pressure, 127.14 mmHg; diastolic blood pressure, 75.84 mmHg; total cholesterol, 218.02 mg/dL; 60-second pulse, 78.96; C-reactive protein, 0.46 mg/dL; HDL cholesterol, 39.51 mg/dL; creatinine clearance, 172.62 mg/dL; serum albumin, 4.05 mg/dL.