Table 1.
The baseline characteristics of participants
| GGT (U/L) | Q1 (<16) | Q2 (16 to<21) | Q3 (21 to<31) | Q4 (≥31) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants | 2401 | 3077 | 3448 | 2980 | |
| Age, years | 42.63 ± 14.96 | 43.06 ± 15.01 | 43.39 ± 15.12 | 43.81 ± 14.63 | 0.028 |
| Gender -n (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| Female | 1231 (51.27%) | 1416 (46.02%) | 1524 (44.20%) | 1224 (41.07%) | |
| Male | 1170 (48.73%) | 1661 (53.98%) | 1924 (55.80%) | 1756 (58.93%) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 20.76 ± 1.93 | 21.17 ± 2.01 | 21.84 ± 2.01 | 22.42 ± 1.81 | < 0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 115.36 ± 15.70 | 119.93 ± 16.52 | 124.32 ± 16.26 | 127.66 ± 16.55 | < 0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 69.48 ± 9.39 | 72.20 ± 9.75 | 74.92 ± 10.14 | 77.11 ± 10.38 | < 0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.42 ± 0.70 | 4.54 ± 0.72 | 4.62 ± 0.72 | 4.79 ± 0.77 | < 0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 0.89 (0.70–1.14) | 1.01 (0.79–1.33) | 1.22 (0.92–1.65) | 1.52 (1.11–2.16) | < 0.001 |
| HDL-c (mmol/L) | 1.55 ± 0.35 | 1.49 ± 0.35 | 1.41 ± 0.35 | 1.36 ± 0.35 | < 0.001 |
| LDL-c (mmol/L) | 2.13 ± 0.45 | 2.24 ± 0.47 | 2.32 ± 0.47 | 2.36 ± 0.46 | < 0.001 |
| ALT (U/L) | 12.00 (10.00–16.00) | 14.00 (11.00–18.00) | 17.00 (14.00–23.00) | 23.00 (17.00–32.00) | < 0.001 |
| AST (U/L) | 19.00 (17.00–22.00) | 20.00 (18.00–23.00) | 21.50 (19.00–25.00) | 24.00 (21.00–29.00) | < 0.001 |
| ALP (mmol/L) | 62.52 ± 17.67 | 68.98 ± 19.42 | 74.28 ± 21.08 | 79.31 ± 25.74 | < 0.001 |
| ALB (U/L) | 44.15 ± 2.75 | 44.49 ± 2.73 | 44.70 ± 2.78 | 44.71 ± 2.79 | < 0.001 |
| GLB (g/L) | 29.01 ± 3.99 | 29.35 ± 3.97 | 29.39 ± 3.82 | 29.45 ± 4.07 | < 0.001 |
| TB (umol/L) | 10.90 (8.30–14.10) | 11.02 (8.40–14.30) | 11.70 (8.91–14.90) | 11.80 (9.20–15.20) | < 0.001 |
| DBIL (umol/L) | 2.00 (1.40–2.75) | 2.02 (1.44–2.78) | 2.10 (1.50–2.80) | 2.08 (1.44–2.83) | 0.211 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 4.34 ± 1.39 | 4.51 ± 1.33 | 4.67 ± 1.33 | 4.77 ± 1.55 | < 0.001 |
| Cr (umol/L) | 74.30 ± 18.51 | 80.15 ± 19.96 | 86.74 ± 20.85 | 90.12 ± 34.70 | < 0.001 |
| UA (umol//L) | 240.63 ± 78.66 | 273.12 ± 83.65 | 303.91 ± 79.35 | 339.09 ± 84.52 | < 0.001 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 5.02 ± 0.54 | 5.13 ± 0.68 | 5.24 ± 0.83 | 5.39 ± 1.06 | < 0.001 |
ALB albumin, ALP alkaline phosphatase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, BMI body mass index, BUN blood urea nitrogen, Cr creatinine, DBIL Direct Bilirubin, DBP diastolic blood pressure, FPG fasting plasma glucose, GGT γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, GLB globulin, HDL-c high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-c low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, SBP systolic blood pressure, TB total bilirubin, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, UA uric acid