Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population
| Characteristics | Cases (n = 500) | Controls (n = 501) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | |||
| Mean ± SD (years) | 59.87 ± 12.87 | 59.85 ± 9.34 | 0.973a |
| > 60 | 240 (48%) | 268 (54%) | |
| ≤ 60 | 260 (52%) | 233 (46%) | |
| Sex | 0.960b | ||
| Male | 358 (72%) | 358 (71%) | |
| Female | 142 (28%) | 143 (29%) | |
| Smoking | |||
| Yes | 219 (44%) | 98 (20%) | |
| No | 280 (56%) | 164 (33%) | |
| Absence | 1 | 239 (47%) | |
| Drinking | |||
| Yes | 109 (22%) | 103 (21%) | |
| No | 385 (77%) | 140 (28%) | |
| Absence | 6 (1%) | 258 (51%) | |
| BMI | |||
| ≤ 24 | 203 (41%) | 130 (26%) | |
| > 24 | 239 (48%) | 188 (38%) | |
| Absence | 58 (11%) | 183 (36%) | |
| Complication | |||
| One | 107 (21%) | ||
| Multiple | 337 (67%) | ||
| Absence | 56 (12%) | ||
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.19 ± 2.01 | 4.93 ± 4.00 | < 0.001a |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.45 ± 0.90 | 2.62 ± 0.76 | 0.012a |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.05 ± 0.72 | 1.15 ± 0.55 | 0.024a |
| Fasting blood glucose | 7.35 ± 3.40 | 6.05 ± 1.60 | < 0.001a |
| Triglyceride | 1.91 ± 1.91 | 1.74 ± 0.10 | 0.088 |
| GFR(ml/min) | 96.62 ± 22.22 | 96.01 ± 19.78 | 0.710 |
| Urea | 6.52 ± 3.26 | 5.42 ± 2.78 | < 0.001a |
| Creatinine | 71.20 ± 52.66 | 68.74 ± 12.87 | 0.371 |
Bold indicates a statistically significant (p < 0.05).
SD standard deviation, BMI body mass index, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
pa value obtained from an independent sample t-test
pb value obtained from Pearson's χ2 test