Table 2.

The first three principal components (PCs) are retained according to the 90% trace criterion for the competitive runners and recreational runners; p-value 0.005 represents significance.

Gait Measure	PC	Competitive Runners	Recreational Runners	p-Value	Effect Size
Ankle Sagittal	PC1	0.57(10.04)	0.57(8.34)	0.379	0.001
	PC2	2.41(1.03)	−2.41(1.07)	0.001 *	0.917
	PC3	−0.72(1.92)	0.72(1.82)	0.001 *	0.359
Ankle Frontal	PC1	4.15(8.93)	−4.15(4.69)	0.001 *	0.503
	PC2	−2.87(2.94)	2.87(1.75)	0.001 *	0.765
	PC3	0.20(2.14)	−0.20(3.05)	0.275	0.076
Ankle Transverse	PC1	1.34(8.26)	−1.34(8.51)	0.024	0.158
	PC2	−4.17(1.12)	4.17(0.93)	0.001 *	0.970
	PC3	−0.15(1.75)	0.15(1.50)	0.195	0.092
Knee Sagittal	PC1	1.57(9.84)	0.06(7.80)	0.013	0.085
	PC2	−2.70(1.27)	−0.01(0.57)	0.001 *	0.807
	PC3	0.05(1.82)	0.01(2.05)	0.719	0.010
Knee Frontal	PC1	7.53(0.57)	0.04(2.16)	0.001 *	0.921
	PC2	0.28(4.76)	0.02(2.35)	0.285	0.034
	PC3	0.24(2.09)	0.01(3.73)	0.259	0.038
Knee transverse	PC1	−4.58(5.65)	4.60(5.52)	0.001 *	0.635
	PC2	3.95(1.67)	−3.94(5.26)	0.001 *	0.710
	PC3	−0.44(3.37)	0.45(0.86)	0.012	0.178
Hip sagittal	PC1	−0.15(9.57)	0.15(9.28)	0.824	0.016
	PC2	−3.02(0.79)	3.02(0.66)	0.001 *	0.972
	PC3	0.20(1.03)	−0.20(1.07)	0.009	0.187
Hip frontal	PC1	−2.39(9.23)	2.39(6.25)	0.001 *	0.290
	PC2	3.85(2.43)	−3.85(0.33)	0.001 *	0.911
	PC3	0.22(2.27)	−0.22(2.85)	0.216	0.127
Hip transverse	PC1	6.50(2.34)	−6.50(0.98)	0.001 *	0.964
	PC2	0.02(5.29)	−0.02(3.49)	0.944	0.004
	PC3	−0.61(4.18)	0.61(1.71)	0.008	0.188

Note: * significant waveform reconstruction differences between competitive runners and recreational runners (p ≤ 0.005).