Table 2.

The inclusion criteria of this review in PICOS format.

Population	All types of HCWs, including physicians, nurses, hospital staff, and health managers
Intervention	Mind–body modalities, including meditation, mindfulness-based intervention, autogenic training, yoga, tai chi, qigong, breathing exercise, music therapy, guided imagery, biofeedback, prayer, and faith-based techniques
Comparison	No treatment, wait-list, sham control, attention control, and active comparators
Outcome	Primary outcome: level of perceived stressSecondary outcome: any mental health-related outcomes
Study type	All original clinical studies, including RCTs, CCTs, and before-after studies

Abbreviations. CCT, non-randomized controlled clinical trials; HCW, healthcare worker; RCT, randomized controlled trial.