Table 1.
Results of the univariate analyses of the relationships of type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease with parameters described using continuous data.
| Parameter | Presence of diabetes and chronic kidney disease |
Statistic* | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | |||
| BMI | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 0.03 | 0.85 |
| Mean ± SD | 24.64 ± 3.68 | 24.55 ± 3.73 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 24.50 (14.45, 40.09) | 24.34 (13.68, 40.06) | ||
| Systolic blood pressure | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 22.87 | <0.0001 |
| Mean ± SD | 130.25 ± 20.87 | 135.77 ± 23.81 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 130 (70, 434) | 134 (60, 402) | ||
| FPG concentration | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 3.70 | 0.054 |
| Mean ± SD | 8.41 ± 4.39 | 8.86 ± 5.91 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 7.6 (4, 85) | 7.82 (2.4, 87) | ||
| TC concentration | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 0.01 | 0.91 |
| Mean ± SD | 4.51 ± 1.03 | 4.54 ± 1.17 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 4.48 (0.98, 10.67) | 4.49 (1.88, 9.09) | ||
| TG concentration | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 6.29 | 0.01 |
| Mean ± SD | 1.6 ± 1.23 | 1.94 ± 1.97 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 1.31 (0.37, 18) | 1.4 (0.29, 17.35) | ||
| HDL-c concentration | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 0.006 | 0.93 |
| Mean ± SD | 1.34 ± 0.34 | 1.34 ± 0.36 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 1.29 (0.52, 3.32) | 1.29 (0.51, 3.07) | ||
| LDL-c concentration | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 0.86 | 0.35 |
| Mean ± SD | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 2.67 ± 1 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 2.69 (0.61, 7.86) | 2.57 (0.65, 5.93) | ||
| Urine pH | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 0.49 | 0.48 |
| Mean ± SD | 5.49 ± 2.49 | 5.85 ± 4.88 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 5 (1.02, 50) | 5 (4, 60) | ||
| 2hPG concentration | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 11.35 | 0.0008 |
| Mean ± SD | 11.62 ± 6.31 | 12.1 ± 3.9 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 10.7 (1.4, 151) | 11.4 (1.9, 32.9) | ||
| Urine protein concentration** | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 225.56 | <0.0001 |
| Mean ± SD | 1.31 ± 0.7 | 2.45 ± 1.38 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 1 (1, 6) | 2 (1, 5) | ||
| Glycosylated haemoglobin | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 4.26 | 0.04 |
| Mean ± SD | 8.28 ± 6.14 | 8.18 ± 2.87 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 7.4 (1.3, 86) | 7.7 (1.9, 47) | ||
| Blood urea nitrogen | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 39.20 | <0.0001 |
| Mean ± SD | 5.6 ± 1.63 | 6.87 ± 3.42 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 5.4 (1.2, 23) | 6 (1.8, 32.6) | ||
| Plasma uric acid concentration | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 25.08 | <0.0001 |
| Mean ± SD | 273.8 ± 82.1 | 306.8 ± 102.6 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 264 (87.4, 592) | 290 (26.0, 691) | ||
| Plasma β2-MG concentration | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 98.33 | <0.0001 |
| Mean ± SD | 1.93 ± 0.75 | 2.79 ± 2.07 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 1.8 (1.0, 14.9) | 2.2 (1.0, 20) | ||
| Diastolic blood pressure | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 0.15 | 0.6931 |
| Mean ± SD | 82.16 ± 14.14 | 84.67 ± 46.43 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 80 (28, 176) | 80 (20, 901) | ||
| Age | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 29.70 | <0.0001 |
| Mean ± SD | 57.7 ± 10.9 | 61.7 ± 11.2 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 56.66 (23.6, 107.1) | 62.37(23.7, 97.9) | ||
| Duration of diabetes | ||||
| N | 722 | 345 | 54.74 | <0.0001 |
| Mean ± SD | 9.33 ± 5.46 | 11.63 ± 5.74 | ||
| Median (min, max) | 7.77 (0.01, 39.66) | 10.13 (0.17, 36.56) | ||
*Mann–Whitney U test. **The data were categorised as 1 (<0.1 g/L), 2 (0.1–0.2 g/L), 3 (0.2–1.0 g/L), 4 (1.0–2.0 g/L, 5 (2.0–4.0 g/L or 6 (>4.0 g/L).
BMI, body mass index, FPG, fasting plasma glucose; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; 2hPG, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose; β2MG, β2-microglobulin.