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. 2021 Feb 16;12(1):e03518-20. doi: 10.1128/mBio.03518-20

FIG 4.

FIG 4

Functional analysis of wild-type (WT) and BdPAL1 RNAi plants during PMV and PMV+SPMV infection. Expression of BdPAL1 (A) and PAL activity (B) in mock-, PMV-, and PMV+SPMV-inoculated WT and BdPAL1 RNAi plants at stage II (14 dpi) of infection. Levels of soluble carbohydrates (sucrose and glucose) (C), structural carbohydrates (cellulose and hemicellulose) and total lignin (D), and salicylic acid (E) at stage II (14 dpi) of infection. M, mock; P, PMV; PS, PMV+SPMV. Relative expression of defense-related genes (SA and JA signaling components) in PMV-infected (F) and PMV+SPMV-infected (G) WT and BdPAL1 RNAi plants. The error bars represent standard errors of means (n = 3 for panels A to D, F, and G and n = 5 for panel E). Statistically significant differences in panel A were determined by two-sample t test (one-tailed) and, in panels B to G, were assessed using one or two-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey’s test. Unlike lowercase letters represent significant differences among the group means (P ≤ 0.05). F and t test statistics of ANOVA and two-sample t tests are indicated.