TABLE 2. Summary of Existing IoT-Based Solutions for COVID-19 Prevention and Control.
| COVID-19 Solutions | IoT Applications | Perception Layer | Network Layer | Fog Layer | Cloud Layer | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 Symptom Diagnosis | Breathing Monitoring | Inertial sensor | Cellular |  |
- | [31] |
| Depth camera | - | - |  |
[40] | ||
| Microphone | - |  |
 |
[44] | ||
| mmWave radar | - | - | - | [47] | ||
| WiFi | WiFi |  |
- | [49] | ||
| Blood Oxygen Saturation Monitoring | Oximeter | - | - | - | [58] | |
| PPG sensor | - | - | - | [61] | ||
| RGB camera | - | - | - | [53] | ||
| Body Temperature Monitoring | Infrared temperature sensor | - | - | - | [70] | |
| IRT camera | Cellular | - |  |
[73] [75] [66] |
||
| RFID | - | - | - | [78] | ||
| Quarantine Monitoring | Human Activity Tracking | RFID | - |  |
[67] | |
| Smart devices | WiFi, Cellular |  |
 |
[82] | ||
| Ear sensor, motion sesnor | Cellular | - |  |
[84] | ||
| Smartphone | WiFi, Cellular |  |
 |
[79] | ||
| Drone, GPS | Radio |  |
- | [87] | ||
| Contact Tracing Social Distancing | WiFi, Bluetooth | WiFi, Bluetooth | - |  |
[99] | |
| RFID | Cellular |  |
- | [93] | ||
| Cellular trace | Cellular | - | - | [97] | ||
| COVID-19 Outbreak Forecasting | Disease Outbreak Prediction | Wearable device | - |  |
 |
[103] |
| Mobile phones and body sensor | Wireless Mode |  |
 |
[104] | ||
| GPS | Cellular |  |
 |
[105] | ||
| SARS-CoV-2 Mutation Prediction | Virus Mutation Prediction | - | - | - | - | - |