Winstein 2019b.

Study characteristics
Methods	RCT Randomisation was stratified by severity (FMA) and chronicity (time since stroke) Intervention was provided following a train‐wait‐train‐wait‐train pattern Testing was undertaken pre, post, and during intervention
Participants	41 participants in 4 study groups (for this Cochrane Review, we only included 3 of these study groups) 15 hours group: n = 10; mean age 57.0 (SD 12.77) years; male/female 9/1; mean 2.93 (SD 2.68) years poststroke  30 hours group: n = 10; mean age 61.3 (SD 13.69) years; male/female 7/3; mean 2.45 (SD 2.01) years poststroke  60 hours group: n = 11; mean age 60.64 (SD 14.12) years; male/female 8/3; mean 1.96 (SD 1.49) years poststroke
Interventions	Intervention was the ASAP, a "personalized task‐oriented training program that incorporates elements of skill acquisition, capacity building, with intrinsic motivational enhancements." Intervention was provided in 3‐week sessions of 4 consecutive visits each separated by 1 month Intervention was provided at different durations: 0, 15, 30, or 60 hours, depending on group allocation. These figures are the total amount of intervention provided in the study
Outcomes	Motor Activity Log WMFT time score Measurements were taken at baseline and at the end of intervention.  Further measures were taken at the end of each weeklong bout of treatment
Notes	Winstein 2019b reports the following pair‐wise comparison: 15 hours group (n = 5) vs 60 hours group (n = 11) For the purpose of the Cochrane Review, we excluded the group that received no therapy Conflict of interest: none Funding: supported by the NIHSS of the NIH under R01 HD065438 and R56 NS100528

ADL: activities of daily living; APT: assistant physiotherapy; AQoL: Australian Quality of Life Scale; AMAT: Arm Motor Ability Test; AP: augmented physiotherapy; ARAT: Action Research Arm Test; ASAP: Accelerated Skill Acquisition Program; AVERT: A Very Early Rehabilitation Trial; CIMT: constraint‐induced movement therapy; COPM: Canadian Occupational Performance Measure; CPT: conventional physiotherapy; CR: conventional rehabilitation; EIM: early intensive mobilisation; ERM: early routine mobilisation; ESN: electrical stimulation neuroprosthesis; FES‐ET: functional electrical stimulation‐assisted exercise therapy; FIM: Functional Independence Measure; FMA: Fugl‐Meyer Assessment; FST: functional strength training; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; ICR: intensive conventional rehabilitation; mCIMT: modified constraint‐induced movement therapy; MP: mental practice; mRS: modified Rankin Scale; n: number of participants; NEADL: Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living; NHS: National Health Service; NIH: National Institutes of Health; NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; NINDS: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; NMES: neuromuscular electrical stimulation; MTS: mobilisation and tactile stimulation; OT: occupational therapy; POR: Profiles of Recovery Scale; QPT: qualified physiotherapy; RCT: randomised controlled trial; RMA: Rivermead Motor Assessment; RMI: Rivermead Mobility Index; RPT: routine physiotherapy; RT: robot therapy; RTP: repetitive task‐specific practice; SD: standard deviation; SIS: Stroke Impact Scale; SP: standard physiotherapy; UPSET: Upper Limb Self‐Efficacy Test; VEIM: very early intensive mobilisation; WMFT: Wolf Motor Function Test.