| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Abdullahi 2021 | Did not compare different time spent in rehabilitation |
| Abraha 2017 | Not an RCT |
| Afridi 2021 | Compared time spent in rehabilitation to repetitions |
| Agarwal 2008 | Not an RCT |
| Ardestani 2020 | Compared different types of intervention (dose‐matched) |
| Askim 2004 | Compared different interventions |
| Askim 2010 | Compared different interventions |
| Bai 2008 | Control group received no intervention |
| Bowden 2020 | Compared different interventions |
| Boyd 2016 | Compared different interventions |
| Brusco 2014 | Included non‐stroke participants |
| Byblow 2020 | Compared different types of therapy |
| Byl 2008 | Not an RCT |
| Chen 2006 | Control group received no intervention |
| Daly 2019 | Compared different interventions |
| de Sousa 2019 | Compared different interventions |
| Di Lauro 2003 | Compared different interventions |
| DRKS00023235 | Compared different types of intervention |
| Duff 2013 | Compared different interventions |
| Duncan 2003 | Compared different interventions |
| Fasoli 2004 | Compared different interventions |
| Forster 1992 | Compared different interventions |
| Foucher 2017 | Control group received no intervention |
| Galloway 2017 | Not an RCT |
| Gobbato 2012 | Compared early onset to later onset therapy |
| Green 2004 | Did not investigate dose–response in terms of time spent |
| Henriksen 1992 | Compared different interventions |
| Hesse 2011 | Compared different interventions |
| Hogg 2020 | Compared different interventions |
| Hornby 2015 | Did not investigate dose–response in terms of time spent |
| Hornby 2016 | Compared different interventions |
| Host 2014 | Included non‐stroke participants |
| Hsu 2016 | Did not compare different amounts of the same intervention. Used a different definition of 'intensity' |
| Hubbard 2010 | Compared different interventions |
| Huijben‐Schoenmakers 2014 | Not an RCT |
| Kissela 2013 | Did not investigate dose–response in terms of time spent |
| Klassen 2020 | Compared different interventions: the difference in the 2 treatment arms that were considered for this review were not only amount of time, but also intensity, in terms of exercise repetitions |
| Kosak 1998 | Compared different interventions |
| Krebs 1997 | Compared different interventions |
| Lamberti 2017 | Compared different interventions |
| Langhammer 2007 | Some control group participants received no therapy |
| Langhammer 2014 | Control group received no intervention |
| Langhorne 2010 | Compared different interventions |
| Langhorne 2017 | Compared different interventions (early as well as more intensive) |
| Lee 2012 | Compared different interventions |
| Lewthwaite 2018 | Some of the control participants received no therapy. We considered comparing usual care with dose‐matched usual care. However, although the dose‐matched usual care group received a standard amount of therapy (30 hours over 16 weeks), the usual care group did not (0–46 hours range over 16 weeks) |
| Li 2000 | Compared different interventions |
| Lin 2017 | Compared different interventions |
| Lo 2010 | Compared different interventions |
| Logan 1997 | Intervention group received input earlier than control group |
| Malouin 1992 | Not an RCT (case report) |
| Malouin 1993 | Compared different interventions (early as well as more intensive) |
| Martinsson 2003 | Compared different interventions |
| Marzolini 2016 | Compared different (dose‐matched) interventions |
| McDonnell 2017 | Compared different interventions |
| Mickelborough 1999 | Compared different interventions |
| Mikulecka 2005 | Compared different interventions |
| Outermans 2010 | Compared different interventions |
| Ozdemir 2001 | Compared different interventions |
| Raghavan 2016 | Compared different interventions |
| Richards 2006a | Compared different interventions |
| Richards 2006b | Study withdrawn |
| Roderick 2001 | Compared different interventions |
| Rodgers 2019 | Compared different interventions |
| Ruff 1999 | Not an RCT |
| Ryan 2006 | Included non‐stroke participants |
| Sanchez‐Sanchez 2015 | Compared different (dose‐matched) interventions |
| Scrivener 2012 | Not an RCT |
| Sheil 2001 | Included non‐stroke participants |
| Sivenius 1985 | Compared different interventions |
| Slade 2002 | Included non‐stroke participants |
| Sonoda 2004 | Not an RCT |
| Sterr 2002 | Included non‐stroke participants |
| Sunderland 1992 | Compared different interventions |
| Tomic 2017 | Compared different interventions |
| van Wijck 2020 | Compared different interventions |
| Wu 2016 | Compared different interventions |
| Wuennemann 2020 | Included non‐stroke participants |
| Xu 2008 | Compared different interventions |
| Yau 2010 | Compared different interventions |
| Yelnik 2017 | Compared different interventions |
| Yu 2008 | Control group received no intervention |
| Zhang 2005 | Compared different interventions: early vs later |
RCT: randomised controlled trial.