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. 2021 Sep 2;41(11):2823–2836. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.315766

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© 2021 The Authors.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology is published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited, the use is noncommercial, and no modifications or adaptations are made.

This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic or until permissions are revoked in writing. Upon expiration of these permissions, PMC is granted a perpetual license to make this article available via PMC and Europe PMC, consistent with existing copyright protections.

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Figure 6. — Relationships between changes in LDL (low-density lipoprotein) lipid composition and changes in LDL aggregation susceptibility, proteoglycan-binding of plasma lipoproteins, and plasma oxidized LDL (oxLDL) concentrations during 3-wk overfeeding of the unsaturated fat (UNSAT), saturated fat (SAT), and simple carbs (CARB) diets. Volcano plots showing associations between changes in LDL lipids and changes in (A) LDL aggregation susceptibility, (B) proteoglycan-binding (PG) of plasma lipoproteins, and (C) oxLDL concentrations. The associations for log2 fold changes of metabolite concentrations were analyzed using Spearman correlation coefficient analysis. Two outliers, 1 in the UNSAT group and 1 in the SAT group, were excluded from analysis. Changes in the same direction indicate that both the measured LDL atherogenic property and the lipid concentration increased or decreased, and changes in the opposite direction indicate that the other of these increased and the other decreased. UNSAT, n=10; SAT, n=12; CARB, n=12. ρ, Spearman correlation coefficient; LPC indicates lysophosphatidylcholine; PC, phosphatidylcholine; SM, sphingomyelin; and TG, triacylglycerol.