TABLE 1. Variables in the Patient Dataset.
| Variable name | All sample | Moderate risk | Severe risk | ≈ p-value (chi squared test) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boolean variables | |||||
| Sex | 207 men | 145 men | 62 men | 0.5702 | |
| 94 women | 69 women | 25 women | |||
| Symptoms | % presence (no.) | ||||
| Fever | 93 (280) | 92.5 (198) | 94.3 (82) | 0.6382 | |
| Cough | 66.8 (201) | 68.7 (147) | 62.1 (54) | 0.2804 | |
| Dyspnea | 55.1 (166) | 47.7 (102) | 73.6 (64) | 5E-04 | |
| Respiratory Failure (IR) | 13 (39) | 8.9 (19) | 23 (20) | 0.002 | |
| Myalgias | 9.3 (28) | 9.3 (20) | 9.2 (8) | 1 | |
| Other | 9.6 (29) | 9.8 (21) | 9.2 (8) | 1 | |
| Syncope | 4.3 (13) | 5.1 (11) | 2.3 (2) | 0.3598 | |
| Asthenia | 12.3 (37) | 11.7 (25) | 13.8 (12) | 0.6932 | |
| Vomiting.Nausea | 5 (15) | 4.2 (9) | 6.9 (6) | 0.3963 | |
| Diarrhea | 10.3 (31) | 10.7 (23) | 9.2 (8) | 0.8356 | |
| Headache | 3 (9) | 3.3 (7) | 2.3 (2) | 0.7346 | |
| Pharyngeal.pain | 3 (9) | 3.7 (8) | 1.1 (1) | 0.2894 | |
| Comorbidities | % presence (no.) | ||||
| Pneumo.asthma | 4.7 (14) | 5.1 (11) | 3.4 (3) | 0.5852 | |
| Pneumo.BPCO | 5.3 (16) | 4.2 (9) | 8 (7) | 0.2659 | |
| Neoplasia (last 5 years) | 10.6 (32) | 7.9 (17) | 17.2 (15) | 0.0235 | |
| Smoke | 5.3 (16) | 5.6 (12) | 4.6 (4) | 0.7836 | |
| Arterial.hypertension | 29.9 (90) | 26.2 (56) | 39.1 (34) | 0.039 | |
| Cardiovascular pathologies | 16.6 (50) | 11.7 (25) | 28.7 (25) | 0.001 | |
| Diabetes | 15.9 (48) | 12.1 (26) | 25.3 (22) | 0.0045 | |
| Obesity | 6 (18) | 5.6 (12) | 6.9 (6) | 0.7976 | |
| Celebral Stroke | 4 (12) | 3.7 (8) | 4.6 (4) | 0.7536 | |
| Integer- and real-valued variables | |||||
| All sample | Moderate risk | Severe risk | ≈ p-value (one-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank test) | ||
| Counts | mean ± s.e. [range] | ||||
| No.Symptoms | 3 ± 0.09 [0, 7] | 3 ± 0.1 [0, 7] | 3 ± 0.17 [0, 6] | class 0< class 1, 0.0224 | |
| No.Comorbidities | 1 ± 0.09 [0, 6] | 1 ± 0.1 [0, 5] | 1 ± 0.19 [0, 6] | class 0< class 1, 4E-04 | |
| Symptoms.No.days | 7 ± 0.29 [1, 30] | 7 ± 0.36 [1, 30] | 7 ± 0.51 [1, 20] | class 0<class 1, 0.4752 | |
| Age | 62 ± 1.15 [23, 95] | 58 ± 1.34[23, 92] | 67 ± 1.88 [23, 95] | class 0< class 1, 0 | |
| Radiological variables | mean ± s.e. [range] | ||||
| usa.radio.score.MAX1 | 3 ± 0.14 [0, 6] | 3 ± 0.16 [0, 6] | 4 ± 0.24 [0, 6] | class 0< class 1, 1E-04 | |
| radio.SCORE1 | 9 ± 0.26 [0, 18] | 8 ± 0.31 [0, 16] | 10 ± 0.46 [0, 18] | class 0< class 1, 0 | |
| GEO.extent.score2 | 4.22 ± 0.07 [1.45, 6.30] | 4.01 ± 0.08 [1.45, 6.22] | 4.74 ± 0.1 [1.73, 6.30] | class 0< class 1, 0 | |
| OPC.extent.score2 | 3.1 ± 0.06 [1.17, 4.85] | 2.92 ± 0.07 [1.17, 4.85] | 3.55 ± 0.1 [1.24, 4.85] | class 0< class 1, 0 | |
| Saturation values | mean ± s.e. [range] | ||||
| PaO2.PF | 310 ± 9.18 [40, 733] | 333 ± 9.57 [61, 733] | 231 ± 16.59 [40, 567] | class 0< class 1, 0 | |
| SpO2.in.FA | 93 ± 0.46 [65, 100] | 95 ± 0.37 [82, 100] | 88 ± 1.07 [65, 98] | class 0< class 1, 0 | |
| Laboratory variables | mean ± s.e. [range] | ||||
| ALT | 35 ± 3.51 [4, 486] | 34 ± 3.69 [4, 378] | 42.5 ± 7.96 [9, 486] | class 0< class 1, 0.0448 | |
| Platelets | 199 ± 6.6 [7, 792] | 196.5 ± 8 [7, 792] | 205 ± 11.69 [34, 513] | class 0< class 1, 0.4784 | |
| White.blood.cells | 8.45 ± 0.71 [1.65, 179.67] | 7.54 ± 0.54 [2.3, 109.77] | 10.66 ± 2.05 [1.65, 179.67] | class 0< class 1, 0.0041 | |
| Red.blood.cells | 4.64 ± 0.04 [2.56, 7.65] | 4.68 ± 0.04[2.56, 7.65] | 4.53 ± 0.07 [2.86, 6.43] | class 0> class 1, 0.0266 | |
| Lymphocyte | 2.49 ± 0.76 [0.11, 172.48] | 2.22 ± 0.65 [0.25, 98] | 3.12 ± 2.04 [0.11, 172.48] | class 0> class 1, 1E-04 | |
| perc.Lymphocyte | 17.94 ± 0.72 [0.6, 96] | 19.7 ± 0.84 [3.3, 85.4] | 13.72 ± 1.29 [0.6, 96] | class 0> class 1, 0 | |
| CRP3 | 8.92 ± 0.46 [0.05, 34.7] | 7.01 ± 0.46 [0.05, 27.85] | 13.66 ± 0.96 [0.77, 34.7] | class 0< class 1, 0 | |
| Haemoglobin | 13.49± 0.11 [7.16, 19.1] | 13.63 ± 0.12 [7.16, 19.1] | 13.14 ± 0.21 [8.6, 17.7] | class 0> class 1, 0.0124 | |
| Haematocrit | 38.88 ± 0.29 [21, 64] | 39.18 ± 0.34 [21, 64] | 38.12 ± 0.54 [25.3, 51.1] | class 0> class 1, 0.0336 | |
Radiological value automatically computed by human,
Radiological value automatically computed by CovidNet,
CRP=C-Reactive Protein.