Skip to main content
. 2020 Aug 11;8:148779–148792. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3015855

TABLE 2. The R-T-B Taxonomy Based on Pearl’s Causal Inference Hierarchy [31].

The R-T-B causal inference Graph
I. First order R-T-B
Risk Inline graphic: Risk of event Inline graphic,RiskInline graphic(Impact, Probability Inline graphic)
Trust Inline graphic: Trust for event Inline graphic
Bias Inline graphic: Bias of event Inline graphic
II. Second order R-T-B
RiskInline graphicTrust:
  • Association Inline graphic: Risk of event Inline graphic given that trust Inline graphic is observed;

  • Intervention Inline graphic: Risk of event Inline graphic given that we intervene and set the value of trust Inline graphic and sub- sequently observe event Inline graphic;

  • Counterfactuals Inline graphic: Risk of event Inline graphic would be observed had Inline graphic been Inline graphic, given that we actually observed Inline graphic to be Inline graphic and trust Inline graphic to be Inline graphic

RiskInline graphicBias:
Association Inline graphic;Intervention Inline graphic; Counterfactu-als Inline graphic
TrustInline graphicBias:
Association Inline graphic;Intervention Inline graphic; Counterfactu-als Inline graphic
TrustInline graphicRisk:
Association Inline graphic;Intervention Inline graphic; Counterfactu-als Inline graphic
BiasInline graphicRisk:
Association Inline graphic;Intervention Inline graphic; Counterfactu-als Inline graphic
BiasInline graphicTrust:
Association Inline graphic;Intervention Inline graphic; Counterfactu-als Inline graphic
III. Third order R-T-B
BiasInline graphicRiskInline graphicTrust:
AssociationInline graphic; Intervention Inline graphic;
Counterfactuals Inline graphic
BiasInline graphicTrustInline graphicRisk:
AssociationInline graphic; Intervention Inline graphic;
Counterfactuals Inline graphic
TrustInline graphicBiasInline graphicRisk:
Association Inline graphic; Intervention Inline graphic;
Counterfactuals Inline graphic