. 2021 Oct 25;200:77–83. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.09.016

Table 4.

Odds ratios (ORs) of having adequate health literacy in the study population by hospital type.

Variables^a		Public hospital		Private hospital		Overall^b
		Model 1^c	Model 2^d (final model)	Model 1	Model 2 (final model)	Model 1	Model 2 (final model)
		OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Gender	Male	1.23 (1.02–1.89)	1.15 (0.65–2.12)^∗	0.96 (0.50–1.85)	1.10 (0.64–2.11)^∗	1.40 (1.02–3.16)	1.13 (0.55–2.20)^∗
Gender	Female	1	1	1	1	1	1
Age groups (years)	18–24	1.88 (0.65–3.46)^∗^∗	1.80 (0.70–4.20)^∗^∗	1.72 (0.48–3.60)^∗^∗	1.82 (0.66–2.71)^∗^∗	2.10 (1.15–3.60)^∗^∗	2.15 (1.08–3.75)^∗^∗^∗
	25–34	2.91 (1.22–5.30)^∗^∗^∗	2.75 (1.10–4.90)^∗^∗^∗	2.02 (0.95–4.10)^∗^∗	2.83 (1.20–6.60)^∗	3.02 (1.41–6.55)^∗^∗	2.25 (1.10–4.20)^∗^∗^∗
	35–44	1.37 (0.44–2.17)	1.66 (0.55–3.15)^∗^∗	1.55 (0.62–3.85)^∗	2.02 (0.95–5.10)^∗	2.70 (1.30–5.82)^∗^∗	2.10 (0.70–4.05)^∗
	45–54	1.10 (0.35–2.92)	1.05 (0.40–2.86)	1.03 (0.35–2.75)	1.24 (0.64–2.30)^∗	1.66 (0.74–3.10)	1.20 (0.55–2.86)^∗
	55–64	0.76 (0.30–1.18)	0.60 (0.24–1.90)	0.51 (0.26–2.11)	0.48 (0.28–1.85)	0.65 (0.22–2.11)	0.70 (0.26–2.02)
	≥65	1	1	1	1	1	1
Education	MA or higher	3.27 (2.98–5.90)^∗^∗	3.21 (1.81–6.55)^∗^∗^∗	3.35 (1.45–7.55)^∗^∗^∗	4.12 (2.40–6.85)^∗^∗^∗	4.40 (3.26–7.10)^∗^∗	4.20 (3.10–6.75)^∗^∗^∗
	Assc. or BSc.	2.90 (2.33–5.20)^∗^∗	2.92 (2.01–5.96)^∗	3.05 (1.80–6.84)^∗^∗	3.85 (2.06–6.10)^∗^∗^∗	3.50 (2.10–6.30)^∗^∗^∗	3.45 (1.84–5.60)^∗^∗
	High school	1.44 (0.75–2.20)^∗	1.49 (0.62–3.10)^∗	2.20 (0.95–5.10)^∗	2.60 (1.13–4.20)^∗^∗	2.54 (1.78–3.41)^∗	2.40 (1.05–4.10)^∗^∗
	Primary school	0.60 (0.18–1.65)^∗	0.55 (0.15–2.06)^∗	1.06 (0.38–3.30)	1.10 (0.45–2.15)	0.95 (0.44–2.11)^∗	1.04 (0.32–2.23)
	Literate	1	1	1	1	1	1
Long-term illnesses	No	1.20 (0.91–2.32)^∗^∗	1.25 (0.95–2.56)^∗	1.31 (0.82–3.10)	1.27 (0.74–2.90)^∗	1.28 (0.65–1.96)^∗	1.35 (0.74–3.11)^∗^∗
Long-term illnesses	Yes	1	1	1	1	1	1
Self-reported health	Very good		1.85 (0.82–5.60)^∗^∗		2.23 (0.55–5.20)^∗^∗^∗		2.25 (0.95–4.18)^∗^∗
	Good		1.53 (0.70–4.30)^∗		1.96 (0.92–4.82)^∗		1.85 (0.82–3.10)^∗^∗
	Fair		1.10 (0.55–2.80)		1.23 (0.78–3.40)		1.30 (0.54–4.12)^∗
	Bad		0.76 (0.35–2.15)		0.62 (0.25–1.90)		0.80 (0.44–2.70)
	Very bad		1		1		1
Perceived income status	Adequate	2.11 (1.18–3.55)^∗^∗	2.05 (1.10–3.40)^∗^∗	2.22 (0.98–5.05)^∗^∗	2.08 (0.73–4.04)^∗^∗^∗	2.13 (1.15–3.63)^∗^∗	2.10 (1.11–3.60)^∗^∗
	Moderate	1.55 (0.68–2.80)^∗^∗	1.46 (0.42–2.57)^∗	1.60 (0.75–3.83)^∗	1.57 (0.66–3.81)^∗^∗	1.61 (0.77–3.80)^∗	1.59 (0.74–3.88)^∗^∗
	Inadequate	1	1	1	1	1	1
Hospital types	Private					1.31 (0.71–2.56)^∗^∗	1.26 (0.63–2.45)^∗^∗
Hospital types	Public					1	1
Hosmer–Lemeshow, X²(p value)		7.29 (0.43)	5.42 (0.68)	9.30 (0.28)	4.45 (0.82)	6.34 (0.62)	8.72 (0.35)
Nagelkerke R²		0.432	0.482	0.445	0.504	0.492	0.515

Assc., Associate degree; BSc., Bachelor degree; MA, Master degree

^∗P < 0.05. ^∗^∗P < 0.01. ^∗^∗^∗P < 0.001.

Missing data not included.

Included both type of hospitals.

All the model 1 included explanatory factors: gender, age groups, education, marital status, long-term illnesses. All the model 2 (final model) included explanatory factors in model 1 plus self-reported health status.

All of the model 2 (final model) included explanatory factors in model 1 plus self-reported health status.