Fig. 3.
Population structure and interspecies divergence of Pugionium. (A) Locations of 10 sampled populations. (B) Linkage disequilibrium decay based on the squared correlation coefficient between SNPs in P. cornutum and P. dolabratum populations. (C) Results of the PC analyses of SNPs within the two species. (D) Population structure of all sampled individuals of the two species (with K = 2 as the best inferred value). (E) The best-fit demographic divergence of the two species modeled by fastsimcoal2. Effective population sizes, divergence time and estimates of gene flow between species are displayed on the schematic plot. MYA, million years ago. (F) Manhattan plots of FST, dXY, ρ, and π between and within the two Pugionium species using a 50-kb nonoverlapping window. Genomic regions of high divergence in 11 chromosomes (Top) and genes under selection in those regions on chromosome 4 and 7 (Bottom) are highlighted in red. Pco, P. cornutum; Pdo, P. dolabratum.