Table 3.
Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, α-glucosidase, and PTP1B inhibitory activities of compounds 1-50 from the fruits of Livistona chinensis.
| Compound | IC50 (μM)a | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DPPH scavenging activity | ABTS scavenging activity | NO production anti-inflammatory effect | α-Glucosidase inhibitory effect | PTP1B inhibitory effect | |
| 1 | 46.80 ± 1.53 | 34.91 ± 0.07 | — | 37.27 ± 0.74 | 9.41 ± 0.08 |
| 2 | 43.42 ± 0.46 | 15.00 ± 0.11 | — | 62.49 ± 1.92 | 39.25 ± 0.14 |
| 3 | 26.38 ± 0.39 | 11.29 ± 0.09 | — | 89.00 ± 1.95 | 91.78 ± 0.68 |
| 4 | 32.01 ± 0.37 | 13.46 ± 0.09 | — | 24.03 ± 0.38 | 38.66 ± 0.21 |
| 5 | 63.99 ± 0.67 | 53.56 ± 0.26 | — | >100 | >100 |
| 6 | 99.36 ± 0.44 | >100 | 49.40 ± 1.85 | >100 | 22.19 ± 0.58 |
| 7 | 78.76 ± 0.61 | 63.11 ± 0.24 | 70.79 ± 0.67 | >100 | 30.21 ± 0.45 |
| 8 | 61.25 ± 0.31 | 24.09 ± 0.32 | — | >100 | >100 |
| 9 | 92.26 ± 0.32 | 85.04 ± 0.24 | — | 98.60 ± 1.20 | 30.64 ± 0.48 |
| 10 | >100 | 91.08 ± 1.10 | 65.83 ± 1.47 | >100 | — |
| 11 | 21.78 ± 0.26 | 36.71 ± 0.33 | — | >100 | 90.21 ± 0.37 |
| 12 | 46.46 ± 0.40 | 43.10 ± 0.29 | — | >100 | >100 |
| 13 | 87.78 ± 0.74 | 24.62 ± 0.31 | 76.69 ± 0.51 | 88.62 ± 0.49 | >100 |
| 14 | 60.3 ± 0.16 | 45.13 ± 0.41 | 69.98 ± 5.33 | 62.17 ± 1.03 | >100 |
| 15 | >100 | >100 | 13.18 ± 0.36 | >100 | >100 |
| 16 | >100 | >100 | 36.71 ± 0.80 | >100 | >100 |
| 17 | >100 | 33.49 ± 0.31 | 17.29 ± 0.60 | >100 | >100 |
| 18 | >100 | 23.25 ± 0.11 | — | >100 | >100 |
| 19 | >100 | 54.67 ± 0.34 | 43.65 ± 0.9 | 58.37 ± 0.44 | 95.63 ± 0.47 |
| 20 | >100 | 60.92 ± 0.46 | 53.16 ± 0.24 | 52.59 ± 1.33 | 93.56 ± 1.07 |
| 21 | >100 | 93.00 ± 0.54 | 55.54 ± 0.41 | 61.75 ± 0.76 | 66.99 ± 1.20 |
| 22 | >100 | 26.97 ± 0.21 | 83.16 ± 0.24 | 73.07 ± 2.33 | 92.39 ± 0.71 |
| 23 | >100 | 68.17 ± 0.76 | 73.16 ± 0.34 | 82.12 ± 0.56 | 90.06 ± 0.47 |
| 24 | >100 | >100 | — | — | >100 |
| 26 | >100 | >100 | — | 56.52 ± 0.45 | — |
| 27 | >100 | 41.98 ± 0.33 | 66.86 ± 0.51 | >100 | — |
| 28 | >100 | 20.37 ± 0.23 | 14.78 ± 1.20 | >100 | — |
| 29 | 77.36 ± 2.98 | 18.49 ± 0.09 | 69.94 ± 0.31 | 52.07 ± 0.93 | 90.19 ± 1.87 |
| 30 | 95.67 ± 2.44 | 25.58 ± 0.12 | 55.54 ± 1.85 | 34.38 ± 0.50 | 26.75 ± 0.21 |
| 31 | 65.44 ± 1.48 | 23.73 ± 0.25 | 48.98 ± 0.39 | 49.05 ± 1.10 | — |
| 32 | 96.38 ± 2.26 | 40.63 ± 0.23 | 46.18 ± 0.67 | 5.71 ± 0.17 | 81.93 ± 0.78 |
| 33 | 66.67 ± 0.52 | 33.43 ± 0.45 | 47.35 ± 0.85 | 50.88 ± 1.78 | 62.13 ± 0.73 |
| 34 | 68.71 ± 2.19 | 37.98 ± 0.43 | 31.20 ± 0.22 | 32.83 ± 1.45 | 80.93 ± 0.55 |
| 35 | 65.94 ± 1.52 | 31.18 ± 0.24 | 26.20 ± 0.19 | 19.65 ± 0.21 | 63.16 ± 0.30 |
| 36 | 62.44 ± 0.42 | 31.10 ± 0.44 | 79.69 ± 1.17 | 22.73 ± 1.07 | 63.19 ± 0.33 |
| 37 | >100 | 88.32 ± 0.12 | — | — | — |
| 38 | 33.07 ± 0.79 | 63.25 ± 0.51 | — | — | 44.75 ± 0.12 |
| 41 | >100 | 76.06 ± 0.48 | — | — | 91.10 ± 0.38 |
| 42 | 63.32 ± 0.41 | 83.21 ± 0.53 | — | — | 62.96 ± 0.65 |
| 44 | 23.05 ± 0.27 | 12.96 ± 0.27 | — | 29.61 ± 0.40 | 15.85 ± 0.29 |
| 45 | >100 | >100 | 29.98 ± 0.57 | — | 24.75 ± 0.18 |
| Ascorbic acidb | 35.11 ± 1.02 | 50.90 ± 1.25 | — | — | — |
| Indomethacinc | — | — | 22.39 ± 0.22 | — | — |
| Acarbosed | — | — | — | 61.34 ± 1.02 | — |
| Oleanolic acide | — | — | — | — | 28.58 ± 0.62 |
aThese data are expressed as the mean value ± SD of triplicate experiments (n = 3). bPositive control (DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities). cPositive control (anti-inflammatory effect). dPositive control (α-glucosidase inhibitory effect). ePositive control (PTP1B inhibitory effect).