Table 1.
Median and percentiles 25 and 75 (portions/day) of fruits, non-citrus fruits, vegetables, and fruits and vegetables consumption by area and study.
| Cases | Controls | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | Median (P25-P75) portions/day |
N | % | Median (P25-P75) portions/day |
|||||||
| Fruits | Non-citrus fruits | Vegetables | Fruits and vegetables | Fruits | Non-citrus fruits | Vegetables | Fruits and vegetables | |||||
| Total | 8,456 | 1.7 (0.9–2.9) | 1.4 (0.7–2.4) | 1.7 (0.8–3.1) | 3.6 (2.2–5.8) | 21,133 | 1.8 (1.0–3.0) | 1.4 (0.8–2.4) | 2.1 (1.1–3.4) | 4.1 (2.6–6.3) | ||
| Study | ||||||||||||
| EUROPE | 4,345 | 51.4 | 1.9 (1.1–3.0) | 1.5 (0.9–2.4) | 1.6 (0.6–2.9) | 3.6 (2.2–5.7) | 11,003 | 52.1 | 2.1 (1.3–3.3) | 1.7 (1.0–2.6) | 2.1 (1.0–3.4) | 4.5 (2.8–6.5) |
| Greece (Lagiou et al., 2004) | 110 | 1.3 | 4.2 (2.6–6.4) | 3.0 (1.9–4.9) | 3.1 (2.2–4.4) | 7.8 (5.5.−10.6) | 100 | 0.5 | 4.7 (3.7–5.9) | 3.1 (2.1–4.1) | 3.9 (2.9–5.2) | 9.0 (6.7–10.6) |
| Italy 1 (La Vecchia et al., 1995) | 769 | 9.1 | 2.4 (1.6–3.6) | 2.0 (1.3–3.0) | 2.2 (1.6–3.1) | 4.8 (3.5–6.4) | 2,081 | 9.8 | 3.0 (2.0–4.0) | 2.1 (1.4–3.1) | 2.7 (2.1–3.7) | 5.6 (4.2–7.3) |
| Italy 2 (Lucenteforte et al, 2008) | 230 | 2.7 | 3.9 (1.9–5.4) | 2.8 (1.4–4.0) | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 4.8 (2.8–6.6) | 547 | 2.6 | 3.6 (2.1–5.4) | 2.7 (1.6–4.1) | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 4.7 (2.9–6.8) |
| Italy 3 (De Feo et al., 2012) | 157 | 1.9 | 1.6 (1.0–1.6) | NA | 1.0 (1.0–1.6) | 2.6 (2.0–3.3) | 429 | 2.0 | 1.0 (1.0–1.6) | NA | 1.0 (1.0–1.6) | 2.0 (1.6–3.0) |
| Italy 4 (Buiatti et al., 1989) | 1,016 | 12.0 | 1.6 (1.0–2.1) | 1.2 (0.8–1.7) | 0.5 (0.3–0.7) | 2.1 (1.5–2.7) | 1,159 | 5.5 | 1.7 (1.2–2.2) | 1.3 (0.9–1.7) | 0.5 (0.4–0.7) | 2.2 (1.7–2.9) |
| Portugal (Lunet et al., 2007) | 633 | 7.5 | 1.5 (0.9–2.2) | 1.3 (0.8–1.9) | 1.8 (1.1–2.7) | 3.4 (2.2–4.8) | 1,600 | 7.6 | 2.0 (1.4–2.8) | 1.6 (1.1–2.4) | 2.1 (1.3–3.1) | 4.3 (3.0–5.8) |
| Russia (Zaridze et al., 2000) | 444 | 5.2 | 2.7 (1.5–4.5) | 2.2 (1.1–4.0) | 3.9 (2.0–6.4) | 7.3 (3.9–10.7) | 606 | 2.9 | 2.6 (1.4–4.4) | 2.1 (1.0–3.7) | 4.1 (2.4–6.1) | 7.0 (4.1–10.4) |
| Spain 1 (Castaño-Vinyals, 2012) | 339 | 4.0 | 2.5 (1.6–3.5) | 1.7 (1.0–2.5) | 2.6 (1.5–3.8) | 5.2 (3.6–7.2) | 3,040 | 14.4 | 2.5 (1.5–3.5) | 1.6 (0.9–2.4) | 2.6 (1.7–3.8) | 5.3 (3.6–7.1) |
| Spain 2 (Santibanez et al., 2012) | 398 | 4.7 | 1.8 (1.2–2.5) | 1.1 (0.8–1.6) | 2.0 (1.2–3.2) | 4.0 (2.9–5.4) | 455 | 2.1 | 2.0 (1.4–2.7) | 1.1 (0.8–1.6) | 2.2 (1.5–3.5) | 4.5 (3.2–6.0) |
| Sweden 1 (Harris et al, 2013) | 88 | 1.0 | 1.5 (0.5–2.0) | NA | 2.0 (1.5–3.8) | 4.0 (2.5–5.5) | 352 | 1.7 | 1.5 (1.0–2.5) | NA | 2.5 (1.5–4.0) | 4.0 (3.0–6.0) |
| Sweden 2 (Harris et al, 2013) | 161 | 1.9 | 1.0 (0.5–1.5) | NA | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) | 3.0 (2.0–4.5) | 644 | 3.0 | 1.0 (0.5–2.0) | NA | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) | 3.0 (2.0–4.5) |
| ASIA | 1,863 | 22.0 | 1.2 (0.3–2.8) | 1.1 (0.4–2.5) | 1.6 (0.6–3.2) | 3.6 (2.2–5.7) | 3,005 | 14.2 | 1.0 (0.3–2.6) | 1.0 (0.3–2.6) | 1.5 (0.5–3.0) | 3.7 (1.9–6.8) |
| China 1 (Deandrea et al, 2010) | 266 | 3.1 | NA | NA | 0.4 (0.3–0.5) | NA | 533 | 2.5 | NA | NA | 0.4 (0.2–0.5) | NA |
| China 2 (Mu et al., 2005) | 201 | 2.4 | 0.2 (0.0–0.6) | 0.2 (0.0–0.6) | 2.1 (1.1–3.6) | 2.5 (1.4–4.0) | 410 | 1.9 | 0.3 (0.0–0.6) | 0.3 (0.0–0.6) | 2.1 (1.3–3.4) | 2.6 (1.9–4.4) |
| China 3 (Setiawan et al, 2005) | 702 | 8.3 | 2.0 (0.8–4.7) | 1.9 (0.8–4.5) | 2.8 (1.9–3.9) | 5.1 (3.2–8.9) | 696 | 3.3 | 2.4 (1.1–5.5) | 2.2 (1.0–5.1) | 2.8 (1.9–3.9) | 5.4 (3.5–9.8) |
| China 4 (Setiawan et al., 2001) | 115 | 1.4 | 0.0 (0.0–0.3) | NA | NA | 390 | 1.8 | 0.3 (0.0–0.3) | NA | NA | NA | |
| Iran 1 (Pourfarzi et al., 2009) | 216 | 2.5 | 0.3 (0.1–0.9) | 0.1 (0.1–0.5) | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) | 392 | 1.9 | 0.4 (0.3–1.0) | 0.1 (0.1–0.5) | 1.0 (0.4–1.4) | 1.5 (0.8–2.4) |
| Iran 2 (Pakseresht et al, 2011) | 210 | 2.5 | 1.8 (1.0–2.8) | 1.1 (0.6–1.7) | 0.5 (0.3–1.1) | 2.6 (1.6–3.6) | 281 | 1.3 | 1.6 (1.0–2.9) | 1.0 (0.6–1.8) | 0.7 (0.4–1.4) | 2.5 (1.5–4.3) |
| Japan 3 (Machida-Montani et al, 2004) | 153 | 1.8 | 2.5 (1.6–3.9) | 2.3 (1.5–3.6) | 3.7 (2.3–5.8) | 6.5 (4.2–9.6) | 303 | 1.4 | 3.0 (1.9–4.1) | 2.7 (1.7–3.7) | 4.4 (2.6–6.3) | 7.7 (5.0–10.2) |
| AMERICAS | 2,248 | 26.6 | 1.6 (0.8–2.6) | 1.3 (0.6–2.2) | 2.1 (1.2–3.4) | 3.8 (2.4–5.8) | 7,115 | 33.7 | 1.5 (0.8–2.5) | 1.1 (0.6–2.0) | 2.1 (1.3–3.4) | 3.8 (2.4–5.6) |
| Brazil 1 (Nishimoto et al, 2002) | 226 | 2.7 | 1.2 (0.5–2.0) | NA | 1.2 (0.4–1.7) | 2.5 (1.4–3.6) | 226 | 1.1 | 1.5 (1.0–2.2) | NA | 1.4 (0.7–2.0) | 3.1 (2.1–4.0) |
| Brazil 2 (Hamada et al, 2002) | 93 | 1.1 | 1.5 (1.0–2.2) | NA | 1.5 (1.2–2.2) | 3.5 (2.2–4.5) | 186 | 0.9 | 1.4 (1.0–2.2) | NA | 2.0 (1.2–2.2) | 3.5 (2.6–4.4) |
| Canada (Mao et al., 2002) | 1,170 | 13.8 | 1.3 (0.6–2.1) | 1.0 (0.4–1.7) | 1.8 (1.1–2.6) | 3.3 (2.1–4.7) | 5,023 | 23.7 | 1.4 (0.6–2.1) | 1.1 (0.5–1.7) | 1.8 (1.1–2.6) | 3.3 (2.1–4.6) |
| Mexico 1 (Hernandez-Ramirez et al, 2009) | 248 | 2.9 | 1.9 (1.2–3.0) | 1.6 (1.0–2.5) | 3.9 (3.1–4.5) | 5.8 (4.6–7.5) | 478 | 2.3 | 1.4 (0.7–2.5) | 1.1 (0.6–2.1) | 3.9 (3.1–4.5) | 5.4 (4.2–7.0) |
| Mexico 2 (Lopez-Carrillo et al., 1994) | 220 | 2.6 | 2.7 (1.6–4.1) | 2.3 (1.3–3.4) | 3.7 (2.5–4.8) | 6.4 (4.5–9.0) | 752 | 3.6 | 2.9 (1.6–4.5) | 2.3 (1.3–3.6) | 4.2 (3.3–5.6) | 7.3 (5.1–9.7) |
| Mexico 3 (Lopez-Carrillo et al., 2003) | 159 | 1.9 | 3.5 (1.9–5.9) | 2.2 (1.3–3.8) | 3.9 (3.0–5.0) | 7.5 (5.3–10.5) | 318 | 1.5 | 3.4 (1.9–6.2) | 2.3 (1.3–4.1) | 3.9 (3.2–4.9) | 7.7 (5.5–10.8) |
| USA 1 (Zhang et al., 1999) | 132 | 1.6 | 1.5 (0.7–2.7) | 1.4 (0.6–2.4) | 1.7 (1.1–2.7) | 3.6 (2.0–5.4) | 132 | 0.6 | 1.6 (0.6–2.9) | 1.4 (0.6–2.5) | 1.9 (1.1–3.1) | 3.7 (2.0–5.5) |
NA – not available; P25-P75 – percentile 25 - percentile 75; USA – United States of America.