Table 2.
Stress testing and CCTA findings by overall and by diabetes status
| Characteristic | All Participants (N=5,900) |
No Diabetes at Baseline (N=3,347) |
Diabetes at Baseline (N=2,553) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qualifying Stress Test Core Lab Interpretation | ||||
| Ischemia Severity by Imaging Modality | ||||
| Stress Imaging Overall | 4,504/5,900 (76.3%) | 2,566/3,347 (76.7%) | 1,938/2,553 (75.9%) | 0.499 |
| Severity | 0.293 | |||
| Severe | 1,883/4,480 (42.0%) | 1,110/2,553 (43.5%) | 773/1,927 (40.1%) | |
| Moderate | 2,058/4,480 (45.9%) | 1,128/2,553 (44.2%) | 930/1,927 (48.3%) | |
| Mild | 317/4,480 (7.1%) | 187/2,553 (7.3%) | 130/1,927 (6.7%) | |
| None | 222/4,480 (5.0%) | 128/2,553 (5.0%) | 94/1,927 (4.9%) | |
| Nuclear | 3,020/5,898 (51.2%) | 1,653/3,347 (49.4%) | 1,367/2,551 (53.6%) | <.001 |
| Severity | 0.943 | |||
| Severe | 1,085/3,003 (36.1%) | 605/1,644 (36.8%) | 480/1,359 (35.3%) | |
| Moderate | 1,538/3,003 (51.2%) | 819/1,644 (49.8%) | 719/1,359 (52.9%) | |
| Mild | 213/3,003 (7.1%) | 128/1,644 (7.8%) | 85/1,359 (6.3%) | |
| None | 167/3,003 (5.6%) | 92/1,644 (5.6%) | 75/1,359 (5.5%) | |
| Echocardiogram | 1,229/5,898 (20.8%) | 767/3,347 (22.9%) | 462/2,551 (18.1%) | <.001 |
| Severity | 0.288 | |||
| Severe | 647/1,222 (52.9%) | 417/763 (54.7%) | 230/459 (50.1%) | |
| Moderate | 438/1,222 (35.8%) | 263/763 (34.5%) | 175/459 (38.1%) | |
| Mild | 88/1,222 (7.2%) | 51/763 (6.7%) | 37/459 (8.1%) | |
| None | 49/1,222 (4.0%) | 32/763 (4.2%) | 17/459 (3.7%) | |
| CMR | 255/5,898 (4.3%) | 146/3,347 (4.4%) | 109/2,551 (4.3%) | <.001 |
| Severity | 0.781 | |||
| Severe | 151/255 (59.2%) | 88/146 (60.3%) | 63/109 (57.8%) | |
| Moderate | 82/255 (32.2%) | 46/146 (31.5%) | 36/109 (33.0%) | |
| Mild | 16/255 (6.3%) | 8/146 (5.5%) | 8/109 (7.3%) | |
| None | 6/255 (2.4%) | 4/146 (2.7%) | 2/109 (1.8%) | |
| Exercise Tolerance Test (ETT) | 1,394/5,898 (23.6%) | 781/3,347 (23.3%) | 613/2,551 (24.0%) | <.001 |
| Severity | 0.200 | |||
| Severe | 1,176/1,338 (87.9%) | 647/748 (86.5%) | 529/590 (89.7%) | |
| Moderate | 101/1,338 (7.5%) | 64/748 (8.6%) | 37/590 (6.3%) | |
| Mild | 34/1,338 (2.5%) | 22/748 (2.9%) | 12/590 (2.0%) | |
| None | 27/1,338 (2.0%) | 15/748 (2.0%) | 12/590 (2.0%) | |
| CCTA Findings | <.001 | |||
| CCTA performed* | 3,867/5,900 (65.5%) | 2,310/3,347 (69.0%) | 1,557/2,553 (61.0%) | |
| Any Obstructive Disease ≥50% Stenosis by CCTA | 3,791/3,795 (99.9%) | 2,259/2,260 (100.0%) | 1,532/1,535 (99.8%) | 0.310 |
| Multi-vessel Disease ≥50% Stenosis by CCTA | 2,651/3,356 (79.0%) | 1,533/1,999 (76.7%) | 1,118/1,357 (82.4%) | <.001 |
| Vessels ≥50% Stenosis by CCTA | <.001 | |||
| 0 | 4/2,956 (0.1%) | 1/1,788 (0.1%) | 3/1,168 (0.3%) | |
| 1 | 691/2,956 (23.4%) | 458/1,788 (25.6%) | 233/1,168 (19.9%) | |
| 2 | 928/2,956 (31.4%) | 577/1,788 (32.3%) | 351/1,168 (30.1%) | |
| ≥3 | 1,333/2,956 (45.1%) | 752/1,788 (42.1%) | 581/1,168 (49.7%) | |
| Anatomic Severity of CAD (modified Duke Prognostic Index) | 0.003 | |||
| 6: 3-vessel severe stenosis (≥70%) or 2-vessel severe stenosis with proximal LAD | 658/2,476 (26.6%) | 369/1,505 (24.5%) | 289/971 (29.8%) | |
| 5: 2-vessel severe stenosis, 1-vessel severe proximal LAD, or 3-vessel moderate stenosis (≥50%) | 896/2,476 (36.2%) | 537/1,505 (35.7%) | 359/971 (37.0%) | |
| 4: 2-vessel moderate stenosis or 1-vessel severe stenosis other than proximal LAD | 745/2,476 (30.1%) | 480/1,505 (31.9%) | 265/971 (27.3%) | |
| 3: 1-vessel moderate stenosis (≥50%) | 177/2,476 (7.1%) | 119/1,505 (7.9%) | 58/971 (6.0%) | |
| Specific Native Vessels with ≥50% Stenosis by Interpretable CCTA | ||||
| Left Main (LM) | 40/3,803 (1.1%) | 21/2,269 (0.9%) | 19/1,534 (1.2%) | 0.353 |
| Left Anterior Descending (LAD) | 3,156/3,640 (86.7%) | 1,865/2,177 (85.7%) | 1,291/1,463 (88.2%) | 0.031 |
| Proximal LAD | 1,724/3,701 (46.6%) | 1,022/2,210 (46.2%) | 702/1,491 (47.1%) | 0.616 |
| Left Circumflex | 2,331/3,457 (67.4%) | 1,340/2,069 (64.8%) | 991/1,388 (71.4%) | <.001 |
| Right Coronary Artery | 2,285/3,324 (68.7%) | 1,338/2,002 (66.8%) | 947/1,322 (71.6%) | 0.002 |
*
All CCTA were from ISCHEMIA patients and none from ISCHEMIA-CKD
Duke categories 1 and 2 (non-obstructive CAD or normal arteries) and 7 (left main stenosis ≥50%) were excluded from analysis because these findings were not consistent with eligibility for randomization after CCTA.