Table 4.

Effect of Farm type wise low-cost intervention on net returns.

Farm type	Prevailing system	Mean landholding of 6 Households (ha)	Benchmark Net returns (INR) (2018–19)	Low cost farming systems interventions	Net returns after intervention (2019–20) (INR)	% increase
Type 1 (Small Farm households with cereal-based cropping system and subsistence livestock)	Field crops (Cereal based) + dairy	1.56	149,928	Improved herbicides, seed treatment with Fungicides, Application of water at critical stages in wheat Nutritional kitchen gardening and summer moong for diversification Mineral supplements, Vaccination and De-worming in livestock and fodder crop	277,118	84.8
Type 2 (Small Farm households with diversified cropping system dominated by cereal and fodder crops with only cattle herd)	Crops (Diversified cropping system including fodder crop) + dairy + horticulture	1.12	104,370	High yielding variety of crops and berseem for year-round fodder production Vermicomposting Nutritional kitchen gardening and integrated pest management in orchards	203,221	94.7
Type 3 (Marginal Farm household with diversified cropping system dominated by cash crop and herd comprising of only cattle	Crop (Field crops + Cash crops + fodder) + dairy + horticulture	0.89	89,011	Improved seed and integrated pest management, intercropping in sugarcane Nutritional kitchen gardening Mineral mixture supplementation, deworming and fodder block for cattle Vegetables as intercrop in juvenile orchards	167,570	103.2
Type 4 (Marginal Farm household with diversified cropping system dominated by cereal crops and herd dominated by small ruminants)	Field crops (cereal based) + dairy + small ruminants/Fishery	0.72	61,100	Improved variety and recommended fertilizer application in crops. Diversification of cereal crops with pulses and oilseeds, fodder crops Mineral mixture + deworming, improved breed of small ruminant, feed management in fishery and proper stocking density, Integration of backyard poultry Nutritional kitchen gardening	120,978	98.0