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. 2021 Oct 25;12(11):997. doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-04301-7

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Clonogenic cell survival assay of HPV( + ) HNSCC cell lines (UP090 and UP154) and HPV(-) HNSCC (WSU12 and UM19) upon ionizing radiation (XRT) (*p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001). b DEVDase (caspase-3/caspase-7) activity assay in HNSCC cells at indicated time points post irradiation at 6 Gy (***p < 0.001). c Immunoblotting analysis of LC3 or GAPDH in HPV(-) HNSCC cell lines (WSU12 and UM19) and HPV( + ) HNSCC cell lines (UP090 and UP154). d Autophagic flux assay using WSU12, UM19 or UP154 cells in the absence or presence of bafilomycin A (500 nM, 6 h). e Quantification of LC3-II band intensity of d. Error bars represent means ± SD from three independent experiments (***p < 0.001, ns: non-significant). f In situ detection of autophagosomes in HPV(-) and HPV( + ) HNSCC tissues by p62 and LC3 PLA. Scale bar: 30 μm. g The average number of positive foci in p62 and LC3 PLA quantitated at 10X magnification (n = 4, ***p < 0.001).