TABLE 1.

Overview of exosomal cargoes and functions in osteosarcoma.

Cargo type	Exosomal cargo	Cell derived exosome source	Recipient cells	Function	References
miRNA	miR-675	143B and Well5	hFOB 1.19	Promote cell migration and invasion	Gong et al., 2018
	miR-25-3p	143B and U2OS	Human umbilical vein endothelial cell	Induce cell formation and migration	Yoshida et al., 2018
	miR-143	MSC	143B	Reduce cell migration	Shimbo et al., 2014
	miR-1228	CAF	MG63 and HOS	Promote cell migration and invasion	Wang Y. et al., 2019a
	miR-208a	BMSC	MG62 and Saos-2	Promote cell migration and invasion	Qin et al., 2020
	miR-101	ADSC	143B and Saos-2	Suppress cell migration and invasion	Zhang et al., 2020c
	miR-206	BMSC	143B	Inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion and induce apoptosis	Zhang et al., 2020a
lncRNA	PVT1	BMSC	Saos-2, MG63 and MNNG/HOS	Promote tumor growth and metastasis	Zhao et al., 2019
	linc00852	143B and HOS	143B and HOS	Promote tumor growth, invasion and metastasis	Li Q. et al., 2020
	LIFR-AS1	Macrophage	143B and U2OS	Promote tumor proliferation, invasion and restrain cell apoptosis	Zhang H. et al., 2021
	CASC15	143B and U2OS	143B and U2OS	Promote tumor growth and metastasis	Zhang et al., 2020b
	EWSAT1	HOS	143B, U2OS and MG63	Promote tumor proliferation, migration and survival	Tao et al., 2020
circRNA	circ-0000190	hFOB1.19	MG63 and HOS	Reduce cell proliferation, invasion and migration	Li S. et al., 2020
	hsa-circ-103801	MG63/CDDP	MG63 and U2OS	Reduce sensitivity to CDDP and inhibit apoptosis	Pan et al., 2021
Protein	uPA	BMSC and KHOS	KHOS	Promote cell migration, invasion and metastasis	Endo-Munoz et al., 2015
	TGFβ	143B	MSC	Promote tumor growth and metastasis	Baglio et al., 2017
	COLGALT2	ADSC	U2OS and MG63	Promote tumor growth and metastasis	Wang Y. et al., 2020
	COL6A1	U2OS and MG63	Normal fibroblasts	Promote tumor invasion and migration	Zhang Y. et al., 2021
	Tim-3	MG63	Macrophages	Promote tumor invasion and metastasis	Cheng et al., 2021
	PD-L1 and N-cadherin	143B	143B and U2OS	Promote tumor pulmonary metastasis	Wang J. et al., 2020
	Hic-5	MG63	MG63 and HOS	Regulate tumor apoptosis and proliferation	Sha et al., 2020
	LCP1	BMSC	143B and HOS	Promote tumor metastasis and proliferation	Ge et al., 2020

MSC, mesenchymal stem/stromal cell; CAF, cancer-associated stromal fibroblast; BMSC, bone mesenchymal stromal cell; ADSC, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cell; CASC15, cancer susceptibility 15; MG63/CDDP, cisplatin-resistant MG63; uPA, urokinase plasminogen activator; COLGALT2, collagen beta galactosyl transferase 2; COL6A1, Collagen type VI alpha 1; Tim-3, T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1;Hic-5, hydrogen peroxide inducible clone 5; LCP1, lymphocyte cytosolic protein 1.