. 2021 Jan 6;11(10):2983–2994. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.01.003

Table 1.

Association of the main DDR alterations with patients’ response to ICI immunotherapy.

DDR pathway	Genomic biomarker	Tumor type	Immune characteristics	Clinical ICI response
DR	MGMT promoter methylation	Glioblastoma multiforme	–	Temozolomide and ICIs (Nivolumab)⁶²
BER	MUTYH mutations	Colorectal cancer	Immune cell infiltration (NK cells, CD3⁺, CD8⁺ T cells)	Not reported
NER	ERCC mutations (ERCC1 SNPs), mutations of xeroderma pigmentosum (XP)-related genes	ERCC mutations in NSCLC, XP-associated skin cancers	–	Nivolumab⁶³ (NSCLC with ERCC mutations), Pembrolizumab, nivolumab64-66 (XP-associated skin cancers)
MMR	Mutations of MMR genes (MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, PMS2)	Colon, gastric, endometrial, ovarian, prostate, glioma, breast cancers, etc.	Immune cell infiltration, increased staining of PD-1, PD-L1	Several clinical trials regarding response of patients with MMR mutations to ICIs are underway or planned (Fig. 3)
HRR	Mutations of HRR genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, etc.)	Breast, ovarian, prostate, etc.	Immune cell infiltration (CD3⁺, CD8⁺ T cells), increased staining of PD-1, PD-L1	Several clinical trials regarding response of patients with HRR mutations to ICIs are underway or planned (Fig. 3)
POLD1/POLE proofreading	POLD1/POLE mutations	Endometrial, colon, etc.	Immune cell infiltration (CD3⁺, CD8⁺ T cells), increased staining of PD-1, PD-L1	Several clinical trials are ongoing or planed (Fig. 3)