Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| All patients (n = 159), n (%) | High volume (n = 86 [54.1%]), n (%) | Low volume (n = 73 [45.9%]), n (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||
| Median | 71 | 71.5 | 71 |
| Range | 49–85 | 49–85 | 56–85 |
| IQR | 66–76 | 66–76 | 66–76 |
| ECOG performance status | |||
| 0 | 69 (43.4) | 29 (33.7) | 40 (54.8) |
| 1 | 54 (34) | 33 (38.4) | 21 (28.8) |
| 2 | 1 (0.6) | 1 (1.2) | 0 |
| Unknown | 35 (22) | 23 (26.7) | 12 (16.4) |
| T stage | |||
| T1 | 13 (8.2) | 3 (3.5) | 10 (13.7) |
| T2 | 34 (21.4) | 14 (16.3) | 20 (27.4) |
| T3 | 62 (39) | 35 (40.7) | 27 (37) |
| T4 | 42 (26.4) | 27 (31.4) | 15 (20.5) |
| Tx | 8 (5) | 7 (8.1) | 1 (1.4) |
| Nodal status | |||
| N0 | 22 (13.8) | 9 (10.5) | 13 (17.8) |
| N+ | 76 (47.8) | 28 (32.6) | 48 (65.8) |
| Nx | 61 (38.4) | 49 (57) | 12 (16.4) |
| Site of metastases a | |||
| Bone | 117 (73.6) | 84 (97.7) | 33 (45.2) |
| Lung | 7 (4.4) | 7 (8.1) | 0 |
| Nodesb | 48 (30.2) | 19 (22.1) | 29 (39.7) |
| Other | 1 (0.6) | 0 | 1 (1.4) |
| Gleason sum score | |||
| ≤7 | 54 (34) | 24 (27.9) | 30 (41.1) |
| 8–10 | 103 (64.8) | 60 (69.8) | 43 (58.9) |
| Unknown | 2 (1.3) | 2 (2.3) | |
| PSA level at start of ADT | |||
| Median | 129 | 280.5 | 28 |
| Range | 0.19–9584 | 7.2–9584 | 0.19–737 |
| IQR | 25–425 | 102.25–1184.5 | 8.5–136 |
| Previous treatment | |||
| No | 137 (86.2) | 82 (95.3) | 55 (75.3) |
| Yes | 22 (13.8) | 4 (4.7) | 18 (24.7) |
| Smoking | |||
| Yes | 14 (8.8) | 11 (12.8) | 3 (4.1) |
| No | 48 (30.2) | 23 (26.7) | 25 (34.2) |
| Quitted | 28 (17.6) | 19 (22.1) | 9 (12.3) |
| Unknown | 69 (43.4) | 33 (38.4) | 36 (49.3) |
| Number of comorbidities | |||
| 0 | 69 (43.4) | 36 (41.() | 33 (45.2) |
| 1 | 62 (39) | 31 (36) | 31 (42.5) |
| 2 | 16 (10.1) | 9 (10.5) | 7 (9.6) |
| ≥3 | 12 (7.5) | 10 (11.6) | 2 (2.7) |
| Subgroups comorbidities | |||
| Hypertension | |||
| Yes | 45 (28.3) | 30 (34.9) | 15 (20.5) |
| No | 114 (71.7) | 56 (65.1) | 58 (79.5) |
| Other malignancy | |||
| Yes | 25 (15.7) | 12 (14) | 13 (17.8) |
| No | 134 (84.3) | 74 (86) | 60 (82.2) |
| Diabetes mellitus | |||
| Yes | 17 (10.7) | 8 (9.3) | 9 (12.3) |
| No | 142 (89.3) | 78 (90.7) | 64 (87.7) |
| Pulmonary comorbidity | |||
| Yes | 16 (10.1) | 8 (9.3) | 8 (11) |
| No | 143 (89.9) | 78 (90.7) | 65 (89) |
| Vascular disease | |||
| Yes | 13 (8.2) | 8 (9.3) | 5 (6.8) |
| No | 146 (91.8) | 78 (90.7) | 68 (93.2) |
| Cardiac comorbidity | |||
| Yes | 17 (10.7) | 15 (17.4) | 2 (2.7) |
| No | 142 (89.3) | 71 (82.6) | 71 (97.3) |
ADT = androgen deprivation therapy; ECOG = European Cooperative Oncology Group; IQR = interquartile range; PSA = prostate-specific antigen.
a
Patients were able to have more than one site of metastases. Percentages shown are for per individual site for total patients in the subgroups.
b
Nodal metastases: nonregional lymph node.