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. 2021 Oct 8;12:737571. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.737571

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Copyright © 2021 Dudau, Codrici, Tarcomnicu, Mihai, Popescu, Albulescu, Constantin, Cucolea, Costache, Rambu, Enciu, Hinescu and Tanase.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Viability and cytotoxicity of purified fractions on normal human keratinocytes. Viability of cells treated with purified fractions and analytical standards was assessed by MTS (A) and LDH release (B). Cells were incubated for 24 h (first bar of the sample) and 48 h (second bar of the respective sample) with the indicated concentrations. Bars represent the average of triplicates±S.D. Cell morphology of cells treated with 25 µM purified fractions (F1–F4) was assessed by phase-contrast microscopy at 2 h (C) and 20 h (D). The name of the fraction in this figure also indicates the FA enriched in the respective fraction (e.g., F4/PA = fraction 4, enriched in PA). Supernatant of cells treated with 25 µM purified fractions and corresponding FA analytical standards were tested for cytokine release by multiplexing (E) and confirmed by ELISA (F).