Table 2.
Literature overview of case series reporting blood stream infections of S. maltophilia in pediatric patients.
| Patient Collective | Study Duration (years) | S. maltophilia Pts. (number) | Isolates (number) | Source | All-cause Crude Mortality (%) | Attributed Mortality (%) | Risk Factors (RF) | Positive Effect on Survival | Reference | Publication Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pediatric pts | 6.5 | 79 | 85 | non-respiratory | 12.5 | 6.3 | NA | NA | (31) | 2000 |
| Pediatric pts | 5 | 8 | 8 | blood | NA | NA | NA | NA | (32) | 2002 |
|
Pediatric
cancer pts |
4 | 6 | 6 | blood | NA | NA | NA | NA | (28) | 2006 |
|
Infants <180 days
with heart disease |
5 | 32 | 47 | blood, CSF, urine, eye, wound, BAL | 37.5 | NA | RF for outcome: prolonged positive SM cultures (p=0.008) need for renal dialysis (p=0.04) presence of stroke (p=0.05) |
outcome-related: High ALC prior infection (p=0.01) Less mechanical ventilation days (p=0.006) |
(33) | 2015 |
| Pediatric pts | 5 | 18 | 18 | blood | NA | NA | NA | NA | (34) | 2016 |
| Pediatric pts | 2 | 19 | NA | blood | NA | NA | RF for BSI: prior use of carbapenems within 7 d (p=0.02) prior ICU stay (p=0.03) mechanical ventilation (p=0.01) |
BSI-related: Consultation with ID physician (p=0.04) |
(35) | 2016 |
|
Pediatric
cancer pts |
13 | 18 | 18 | blood | NA | 0 | RF for BSI: severe neutropenia (<100/mm3; p=0.002) hospital-acquired infection (p<0.0001) breakthrough infection (p<0.0001) |
NA | (22) | 2017 |
| PICU | 0.3 | NA | 16 | blood | NA | NA | NA | NA | (36) | 2017 |
| Pediatric pts | 0.7 | 23 | blood, respiratory, urine | 35 | NA | NA | NA | (37) | 2017 | |
| PICU | 5 | 31 | 91 | blood, respiratory, soft tissues | 61 | 16 | RF for outcome: prior prolonged hospitalization (p=0.002) septic shock (p=0.003) mechanical ventilation (p=0.004) indwelling central vein catheter (p=0.03) prior use of steroids (p=0.04) prior use of carbapenems (p=0.004) mechanical ventilation (p=0.02) |
outcome-related: combination of ciprofloxacin, TMP-SMX, and/or minocycline (p<0.001) |
(38) | 2018 |
| Critically ill children | 5 | NA | 68 | blood | 42 | 18 | RF for outcome: prior prolonged hospitalization (p=0.03) nosocomial source of infection (p=0.02) septic shock (p<0.001) chemotherapy (p=0.007) carbapenems (p=0.05) |
outcome-related: combination of ciprofloxacin, TMP-SMX, and minocycline (p<0.01) |
(39) | 2019 |
| Pediatric pts | 2 | NA | 104 | blood, respiratory, soft tissues, CSF | NA | NA | NA | NA | (40) | 2020 |
| Pediatric pts | 10 | 12 | 20 | blood and/or catheter | 33.3 | NA | NA | NA | (41) | 2020 |
| Pediatric pts | 7.3 | 128 | 161 | blood, respiratory, CSF, wound | NA | 3.9 | RF for severe
S.maltophilia
infection: mechanical ventilation (p=0.021) prior ICU stay within 30 d (p=0.005) prior use of carbapenems (p=0.007) |
NA | (42) | 2020 |
| Pediatric pts | 2 | NA | NA | blood | NA | NA | NA | NA | (43) | 2020 |
ALC, absolute lymphocyte count; BAL, bronchio-alveolar lavage; BSI, blood stream infection; CSF, cerebral spinal fluid; d, days; ICU, intensive care unit; ID, infectious diseases; NA, not annotated; PICU, pediatric intensive care unit; pts, patients; TS, tracheostoma.
Type of risk factor is underlined.