Skip to main content
. 2021 Oct 26;21:1947. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11971-7

Table 8.

Presence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) for persons, males and females

Depression Anxiety Stress
Lockdown Post-lockdown Lockdown Post-lockdown Lockdown Post-lockdown
% n % n % n % n % n % n
Persons
 Normal 193 65.0 216 72.2 237 80.1 246 82.0 226 80.7 252 85.1
 Mild 32 10.8 30 10.0 16 5.4 19 6.3 20 7.1 15 5.1
 Moderate 36 12.1 26 8.7 14 4.7 9 3.0 19 6.8 9 3.0
 Severe 10 3.4 10 3.3 10 3.4 9 3.0 14 5.0 17 5.7
 Extremely severe 26 8.8 17 5.7 19 6.4 17 5.7 1 0.4 3 1.0
 Wilcoxon sign rank (Z) −2.71**, d = 0.22 −0.98, d = 0.08 −1.99*, d = 0.17
Males
 Normal 46 65.7 46 65.7 59 84.3 60 84.5 55 84.6 60 85.7
 Mild 6 8.6 6 8.6 3 4.3 5 7.0 6 9.2 3 4.3
 Moderate 9 12.9 9 12.9 3 4.3 1 1.4 2 3.1 3 4.3
 Severe 2 2.9 2 2.9 0.0 1 1.4 2 3.1 3 4.3
 Extremely severe 7 10.0 7 10.0 5 7.1 4 5.6 0.0 1 1.4
 Wilcoxon sign rank (Z) −1.89, d = 0.32 −0.30, d = 0.05 −0.81, d = 0.14
Females
 Normal 146 64.6 163 71.8 177 78.7 185 81.1 170 79.4 191 84.9
 Mild 26 11.5 24 10.6 13 5.8 14 6.1 14 6.5 12 5.3
 Moderate 27 11.9 18 7.9 11 4.9 8 3.5 17 7.9 6 2.7
 Severe 8 3.5 8 3.5 10 4.4 8 3.5 12 5.6 14 6.2
 Extremely severe 19 8.4 14 6.2 14 6.2 13 5.7 1 0.5 2 0.9
 Wilcoxon sign rank (Z) −2.09*, d = 0.20 −0.87, d = 0.08 −1.82, d = 0.18

Note. * = p-value < 0.05; ** = p-value < 0.01; d = Cohen’s D