TABLE 1.
Patient Characteristics and Outcomes by Telemedicine Use During the Pandemic Study Period (April 2020 to September 2020)
| All (n = 178) | Telemedicine (n = 125) | No-telemedicine (n = 53) | P | |
| Patient characteristics* | ||||
| Median age at the end of study period, years (IQR) | 17.9 (15.0, 20.5) | 18.0 (15.5, 20.4) | 17.1 (13.2, 20.7) | 0.4910 |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%): | ||||
| Black | 159 (89.3) | 114 (91.2) | 45 (84.9) | |
| White | 4 (2.3) | 3 (2.4) | 1 (1.9) | |
| Hispanic | 9 (5.1) | 3 (2.4) | 6 (11.3) | 0.1381 |
| Asian | 4 (2.3) | 3 (2.4) | 1 (1.9) | |
| Other/unknown | 2 (1.1) | 2 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Current sex, n (%): | ||||
| Male† | 87 (48.9) | 62 (49.6) | 25 (47.2) | 0.7668 |
| Female | 91 (51.1) | 63 (50.4) | 28 (52.8) | |
| HIV acquisition mode, n (%): | ||||
| Perinatal | 140 (78.7) | 103 (82.4) | 37 (69.8) | 0.0609 |
| Nonperinatal | 38 (21.3) | 22 (17.6) | 16 (30.2) | |
| Median years since HIV diagnosis at the end of study period (IQR) | 11.9 (4.2, 16.2) | 13.0 (5.1, 16.2) | 7.1 (3.0, 15.4) | 0.0461 |
| Visits* | ||||
| Total scheduled visits, n | 315 | 236 | 79 | <0.0001 |
| Scheduled telemedicine visits, n (%) | 171 (54.3) | 171 (72.5) | NA | NA |
| Proportion of completed visits, n (%): | ||||
| All visits | 261 (82.9) | 193 (81.8) | 68 (86.0) | 0.3805 |
| Telemedicine only | 142 (83.0) | 142 (83.0) | NA | NA |
| In-person only | 119 (82.6) | 51 (78.5) | 68 (86.1) | 0.2300 |
| Completed laboratory testing for completed visit, n (%) | 224 (85.8) | 157 (81.4) | 67 (98.5) | 0.0005 |
| Median days between laboratory testing and visit (IQR) | 0 (0, 11) | 2 (0, 19) | 0 (0, 0) | <0.0001 |
| Number of rideshare users, n (%)‡ | 34 (19.1) | 21 (16.8) | 13 (24.5) | 0.2304 |
| Visits completed where rideshare was used, n (%) | 42 (13.3) | 24 (12.4) | 18 (26.5) | 0.0068 |
| Laboratory outcomes | ||||
| HIV RNA, n (%):§ | ||||
| <20 copies/mL | 125 (57.9) | 93 (61.6) | 32 (49.2) | 0.2405 |
| 20–200 copies/mL | 50 (23.1) | 32 (21.2) | 18 (27.7) | |
| >200 copies/mL | 41 (19.0) | 26 (17.2) | 15 (23.1) | |
| CD4 cell count, n (%):§ | ||||
| <200 cells/mm3 | 11 (5.0) | 9 (5.8) | 2 (3.0) | 0.2468 |
| 200–499 cells/mm3 | 34 (15.3) | 27 (17.4) | 7 (10.4) | |
| ≥500 cells/mm3 | 177 (79.7) | 119 (76.8) | 58 (86.6) |
Bold values are considered statistically significant with a P-value <0.05.
Proportions were calculated based on the relevant denominator for the variable (e.g.: denominator used for “telemedicine visits completed” was “scheduled telemedicine visits” for that column; denominator used for “number of patients who used rideshare” was “number of unique patients” for that column).
Includes one transgender male patient
Includes in-person visits where rideshare was used and telemedicine visits where rideshare was used to complete laboratory testing.
Laboratory testing was completed at 224 visits by patients living with HIV. There were missing data for 8 HIV RNA and 2 CD4 counts.