Table 1.
The clinical and surgical characteristics of the patients undergoing surgery for esotropia due to sixth nerve palsy
| Variable | n (%)/median (IQR) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age | 26.0 (19.0-37.0) | |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 44 (80.0) | |
| Female | 11 (20.0) | |
| Affected eye(s) | ||
| Unilateral | 47 (85.5) | |
| Bilateral | 8 (14.5) | |
| Etiology | ||
| Neoplasm | 5 (9.1) | |
| Trauma | 42 (76.4) | |
| Viral | 1 (1.8) | |
| Idiopathic | 4 (7.3) | |
| Vasculopathy | 3 (5.5) | |
| Management | ||
| Surgery with botulinum toxin | 22 (40.0) | |
| Surgery without botulinum toxin | 33 (60.0) | |
| Type of surgery | ||
| Vertical SR + IR transposition | 19 (34.5) | |
| Vertical SR + IR transposition and MR recession | 6 (10.9) | |
| MR recession and LR resection | 18 (32.7) | |
| SR transposition + MR recession | 5 (9.1) | |
| MR recession | 2 (3.6) | |
| BMR recession | 5 (9.1) | |
| Type of vertical transposition | ||
| Hummelsheim | 9 (16.4) | |
| Full tendon | 21 (38.2) | |
| Foster suture | ||
| Yes | 15 (27.2) | |
| No | 40 (72.8) | |
| Second surgery indicated | ||
| Yes | 6 (10.9) | |
| No | 49 (89.1) |
IQR: Interquartile range, SR: Superior rectus, IR: Inferior rectus, MR: Medial rectus, LR: Lateral rectus, BMR: Bilateral medial rectus