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. 2021 Oct 26;11:21041. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-00026-x

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Model of Hybrid_5 cellular systems based on genomic data. Central carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur metabolisms are present, as well as stress response genes and pathways. Central carbon metabolism: Cbc1 = cytochrome bc1 complex; CCO = cytochrome c oxidase, cbb3-type; cytC = cytochrome C; ED = Entner-Doudoroff pathway; EF = ethanol fermentation; EM = Embden-Meyerhof glycolysis; ETC = electron transport chain; FA = F-type ATPase; Q = ubiquinone/quinone pool; GS = glyoxylate shunt; LAF = lactic acid fermentation; ND = NADH dehydrogenase; PDC = pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; PFOR = pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase; SD = succinate dehydrogenase; TCA = tricarboxylic acid. Nitrogen metabolism: DN = denitrification; NR = nitrate reduction. Sulfur metabolism: SR = sulfur reduction. Cold shock response: csp = cold shock protein; rnr = cold shock-induced ribonuclease R. Osmotic stress response: bet = glycine/choline/proline betaine transporters; gsi = glutathione transporters; pro = glycine/proline betaine transporters; smo = sorbitol/mannitol transporters. Oxidative stress response: kat = catalase-peroxidase; per = peroxidase; pqi = paraquat-inducible protein A; ROS = reactive oxygen species; SD = superoxide dismutase; UV stress response: phr = photolyase; phy = phytoene synthase. FLG = flagellar biosynthesis genes.