Table 4.
Associations of specific ECG characteristics and metabolic components with ECG-LVH in the obese and non-obese.
| Sokolow-Lyon based ECG-LVH | Cornell based ECG-LVH | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-obesity | Obesity | Non-obesity | Obesity | |||||
| OR (95% CI) | p -value | OR (95% CI) | p -value | OR (95% CI) | p -value | OR (95% CI) | p -value | |
| ECG characteristics | ||||||||
| Sinus bradycardia | 1.27 (1.01–1.60) | 0.04 | 0.89 (0.58–1.37) | 0.59 | 1.13 (0.83–1.55) | 0.43 | 0.85 (0.48–1.53) | 0.60 |
| Right axis deviation | 0.53 (0.39–0.72) | <0.001 | 1.06 (0.53–2.12) | 0.87 | 2.72 (1.91–3.87) | <0.001 | 1.49 (0.65–3.44) | 0.34 |
| ECG-LAE | 1.02 (0.76–1.37) | 0.90 | 1.09 (0.75–1.06) | 0.64 | 1.45 (0.99–2.12) | 0.053 | 1.14 (0.70–1.85) | 0.61 |
| First degree atrioventricular block | 0.96 (0.49–1.88) | 0.90 | 1.56 (0.74–3.28) | 0.24 | 0.73 (0.25–2.08) | 0.55 | 1.36 (0.55–3.33) | 0.50 |
| Inferior TWI | 1.06 (0.51–2.21) | 0.87 | 0.76 (0.38–1.50) | 0.42 | 1.78 (0.76–4.19) | 0.18 | 1.64 (0.78–3.41) | 0.19 |
| Metabolic components | ||||||||
| Blood pressure ≥130/85 mmHg | 1.22 (0.93–1.59) | 0.15 | 1.45 (1.01–2.07) | 0.04 | 1.15 (0.80–1.63) | 0.45 | 1.70 (1.07–2.69) | 0.02 |
| Serum triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL | 1.18 (0.85–1.64) | 0.32 | 0.86 (0.57–1.29) | 0.46 | 0.79 (0.50–1.25) | 0.31 | 1.21 (0.75–1.94) | 0.44 |
| HDL-C <40 mg/dL | 0.70 (0.51–0.96) | 0.02 | 0.86 (0.57–1.30) | 0.48 | 0.58 (0.35–0.96) | 0.03 | 0.80 (0.48–1.34) | 0.39 |
| Waist circumference ≥90 cm | 0.71 (0.48–1.05) | 0.08 | 0.70 (0.45–1.07) | 0.10 | 1.28 (0.77–2.13) | 0.33 | 1.45 (0.78–2.70) | 0.24 |
| FPG ≥100 mg/dL | 0.99 (0.75– 1.30) | 0.92 | 1.25 (0.84–1.87) | 0.27 | 0.86 (0.58– 1.27) | 0.44 | 0.80 (0.48–1.33) | 0.38 |
Data are presented as odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI (confidence intervals) using multiple logistic regression.
Model adjusted for age plus cigarette smoking status, alcohol drinking status and 3,000-m running categorical performance.
Sokolow-Lyon based ECG-LVH was diagnosed if (S-V1 or S-V2 + R-V5 or R-V6) ≥35 mm and Cornell based ECG-LVH was defined if R-aVL + S-V3 ≥18 mm, specifically for Asian young male adults.
ECG, electrocardiography; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LAE, left atrial enlargement; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; TWI, T wave inversion.