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. 2021 Oct 26;11:21108. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-00267-w

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Distribution plot of SARS-CoV-2 variants from July 2020 to June 2021 shows distinct patterns in West African countries. This plot was generated in June 2021 and confirms our previous analysis of samples from February 2020 to April 2020 predicting a rapid spread of the variants carrying the D614G amino acid substitution. All predominating variants in June 2021 also carried the D614G, besides their characteristic amino acid changes. (a) Gambia is dominated by the Alpha variant. (b) Ghana has a combination of the variants Alpha, Delta, Kappa, Eta and Iota, dominated by the Alpha. (c) Nigeria is dominated by the Eta variant (B.1.525) which putatively originated from Nigeria. (d) In Senegal the Delta variant displaced the Alpha variant. Variants are marked by the colors blue (Alpha), green (Delta), yellow green (Kappa), orange (Eta) and red (Iota). Figure adapted from the website www.nextstrain.org (accessed June 22, 2021, CC-BY^28,31).