TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics and serologic response of the cohort
| Study group: vaccinated patients (n = 38) | Control group: COVID-19 infected (n = 14) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD (y) | 18.6 ± 2.8 (range, 13.5–26.8) | 16.5 ± 3.1 (range, 10–20.6) | 0.02 |
| Males, n (%) | 25 (66) | 10 (71) | 1 |
| Background renal disease, n (%) | |||
| CAKUT/PUV | 10 (26) | 9 (69) | |
| Glomerulonephritis | 5 (13) | 1 (7) | |
| Nephrotic syndrome | 10 (26) | 3 (21) | |
| Nephronophthisis | 9 (24) | 0 | |
| Other | 4 (10.5) | 1 (7) | |
| Additional medical conditions, n (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 12 (32) | 1 (7) | |
| Lung disease | 4 (10.5) | 3 (21) | |
| Diabetes | 0 | 1 (7) | |
| Immunodeficiency | 2 (5) | 2 (14) | |
| Additional organ transplant | 2 (5) | 0 | |
| Obesity (BMI >95%) | 5 (13) | 2 (14) | |
| Second transplantation, n (%) | 4 (10.5) | 3 (21) | 0.37 |
| Type of transplantation, n (%) | |||
| Living related | 16 (42) | 5 (36) | |
| Living unrelated | 7 (18) | 4 (29) | |
| Deceased donor | 15 (40) | 5 (36) | |
| Baseline therapy/renal function | |||
| Tacrolimus through levels, mean ± SD (ng/mL) | 6.8 ± 2 | 6 ± 1.2a | 0.14 |
| Mycophenolate dose, mean ± SD (mg/m2/dose) | 359 ± 60b | 364 ± 61 | 0.79 |
| Previous rituximab treatment, n (%) | 9 (23.7) | 3 (21.4) | 1.00 |
| Indication for rituximab: | |||
| Treatment for rejection | 3 | 1 | |
| Treatment for PTLD | 1 | 0 | |
| Transplant preparation | 2 | 1 | |
| Glomerulonephritis | 3 | 1 | |
| eGFR, mean ± SD (mL/min/1.73m2) | 57.4 ± 22.1 | 62.7 ± 15.7 | 0.42 |
| Vaccination/infection data | |||
| Time from transplantation to vaccination/infection, mean ± SD (y) | 7.3 ± 5.6 | 7 ± 5.41 | 0.95 |
| Time from second vaccine dose/infection to serologic testing, median (IQR) (d) | 37 (20.5–53) | 157.5 (60–216) | <0.001 |
| COVID-19 IgG titers, median (IQR) (AU/mL) | 100.3 (4.7–1744) | 2782 (1908–11 000)c | 0.00081 |
aOne patient was treated with cyclosporine.
bTwo patients were treated with azathioprine.
cExcluding the patient who was vaccinated post–COVID-19 infection.
AU, antibody unit; BMI, body mass index; CAKUT, congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; IgG, immunoglobulin G; IQR, interquartile range; PUV, posterior urethral valve; PTLD, posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder.