Table 4.

Scalability with PFA Yapici and Cetinkaya (2019)

Function	n	Proposed approach	PFA Yapici and Cetinkaya (2019)	$f({\mathit{x}}_{\mathrm{opt}})$
$f_8$	10	0.0143 ± 0.0206	2.17E−35 ± 1.09E−34	0
	50	53.6161 ± 11.3012	343.1244 ± 92.1694	0
	100	680.8374 ± 61.9845	1911.1759 ± 195.2386	0
$f_{11}$	10	0.3395 ± 0.91820	449.5090 ± 184.2821	0
	50	129.6466 ± 82.8948	6423.8391 ± 663.2207	0
	100	7208.6969 ± 489.7975	13610.2227 ± 1361.9760	0