Table 3.
Multiple linear regression model results for reported engagement and relevance scores during class activity
| Engagement with lesson content | Perceived relevance of lesson content | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CC | MI | CC | MI | |||||
|
Β (Std. error) |
p-value |
Β (Std. error) |
p-value |
Β (Std. error) |
p-value |
Β (Std. error) |
p-value | |
| Intercept |
4.86 (3.49 – 6.23) |
< 0.001 |
5.024 (4.332 – 5.72) |
< 0.001 |
8.04 (6.43 – 9.66) |
< 0.001 |
8.404 (7.64 – 9.17) |
< 0.001 |
| Engagement with course content |
0.58 (0.49 – 0.68) |
< 0.001 |
0.567 (0.52 – 0.62) |
< 0.001 | - | - | - | - |
| Perceived relevance of course content | - | - | - | - |
0.49 (0.38 – 0.59) |
< 0.001 |
0.45 (0.40 – 0.50) |
< 0.001 |
| Year (Reference: Year 1) |
− 0.51 (– 1.36 to 0.35) |
0.248 |
− 0.319 (-0.71 – 0.07) |
0.409 |
− 0.46 (– 1.40 to 0.47) |
0.333 |
− 0.141 (– 0.53 – 0.25) |
0.716 |
| I-SEA (Centered) |
− 0.05 (– 0.15 to 0.06) |
0.359 |
0.01 (– 0.04 – 0.06) |
0.838 |
− 0.09 (– 0.20 to 0.03) |
0.157 |
− 0.089 (– 0.14 – 0.04) |
0.083 |
| Treatment (Reference: Animal) |
− 0.37 (– 1.20 to 0.47) |
0.389 |
− 0.431 (– 0.83 – 0.03) |
0.283 |
− 0.29 (–1.23 to 0.65) |
0.544 |
− 0.455 (– 0.89 – 0.02) |
0.299 |
| Treatment X I-SEA |
0.06 (– 0.10 to 0.22) |
0.474 |
− 0.021 (– 0.09 – 0.05) |
0.765 |
0.18 (0.00 – 0.36) |
0.048 |
0.148 (0.07 – 0.22) |
0.052 |
| Observations | 281 | 673 | 285 | 673 | ||||
| R2 / adjusted R2 | 0.366/0.355 | 0.247/0.234 | ||||||
Full model results predicting student engagement and relevance post-scores using complete-case data (CC) and multiple imputation (MI). Year and treatment are binary variables with reference values in parentheses. MI results are pooled following Rubin (2004). Coefficients significant at p ≤ 0.05 are bolded