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The serum levels of IL-13, TGF-β1, and periostin among AHF, CAD, and control groups.
| Item | AHF (n = 83) | CAD (n = 52) | Control (n = 52) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL-13 (pg/mL) | 5.13 ± 0.34∗# | 4.75 ± 0.31∗ | 4.20 ± 0.28 | <0.001 |
| TGF-β1 (μg/L) | 58.90 ± 7.83∗# | 46.49 ± 6.77∗ | 8.94 ± 3.85 | <0.001 |
| Periostin (ng/L) | 89.29 ± 13.42∗# | 65.66 ± 11.06∗ | 44.26 ± 10.48 | <0.001 |
∗ p < 0.001 compared to the control group and #p < 0.001 compared to the CAD group.
