Table 2.
Brain volumes according to the sleep apnea of the observed groups.
| Group according to sleep apnea severity | Mild (N = 11) | Moderate (N = 14) | Severe (N = 43) | Controls (N = 76) | Total (N = 144) | Significance | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L | R | L | R | L | R | L | R | L | R | L | R | |
| Caudate nucleus volume (cm3, mean ± SD, L/R) | 3.76 ± 0.11 | 3.80 ± 0.15 | 3.77 ± 0.04 | 3.81 ± 0.16 | 3.79 ± 0.15 | 3.85 ± 0.14 | 4.5 ± 0.65 | 4.56 ± 0.64 | 4.22 ± 0.6 | 4.17 ± 0.6 | F 3.140 = 26.33, p < 0.001 | F 3.140 = 27.93, p < 0.001 |
| Putamen volume (cm3, mean ± SD, L/R) | 5.94 ± 0.10 | 5.95 ± 0.10 | 5.97 ± 0.11 | 5.98 ± 0.11 | 5.97 ± 0.12 | 5.99 ± 0.12 | 6.31 ± 0.62 | 6.30 ± 0.70 | 6.15 ± 0.49 | 6.16 ± 0.54 | F 3.140 = 6.51, p < 0.001 | F 3.140 = 5.03, p=0.002 |
| Globus pallidus volume (cm3, mean ± SD, L/R) | 2.13 ± 0.10 | 2.12 ± 007 | 2.13 ± 0.08 | 2.61 ± 0.46 | 2.18 ± 0.79 | 2.12 ± 0.07 | 2.61 ± 0.46 | 2.58 ± 0.40 | 2.38 ± 0.41 | 2.36 ± 0.37 | F 3.140 = 24.20, p < 0.001 | F 3.140 = 27.06, p < 0.001 |
| Thalamus volume (cm3, mean ± SD, L/R) | 6.29 ± 0.10 | 6.28 ± 0.09 | 6.27 ± 0.09 | 6.26 ± 0.09 | 6.28 ± 0.07 | 6.28 ± 0.07 | 7.46 ± 0.77 | 7.48 ± 0.90 | 6.90 ± 0.81 | 6.91 ± 0.79 | F 3.140 = 52.12, p < 0.001 | F 3.140 = 38.77, p < 0.001 |
| Hippocampal formation volume (cm3, mean ± SD, L/R) | 2.82 ± 0.12 | 2.81 ± 0.12 | 2.77 ± 0.13 | 2.77 ± 0.13 | 2.80 ± 0.13 | 2.80 ± 0.13 | 3.99 ± 0.63 | 3.96 ± 0.68 | 3.43 ± 0.75 | 3.41 ± 0.77 | F 3.140 = 78.02, p < 0.001 | F 3.140 = 63.94, p < 0.001 |
| Lateral ventricle volume (cm3, mean ± SD, L/R) | 7.48 ± 0.14 | 7.49 ± 0.14 | 7.49 ± 0.13 | 7.51 ± 0.13 | 7.50 ± 0.14 | 7.51 ± 0.14 | 5.86 ± 0.55 | 5.81 ± 0.54 | 6.63 ± 0.92 | 6.61 ± 0.94 | F 3.140 = 183.72, p < 0.001 | F 3.140 = 205.44, p < 0.001 |
| Amygdaloid complex volume (cm3, mean ± SD, L/R) | 1.65 ± 0.11 | 1.64 ± 0.12 | 1.61 ± 0.08 | 1.61 ± 0.08 | 1.67 ± 0.08 | 1.68 ± 0.08 | 1.68 ± 0.19 | 1.69 ± 0.21 | 1.67 ± 0.15 | 1.68 ± 0.17 | NS | NS |
| Prefrontal cortex volume (cm3, mean ± SD, L/R) | 140.45 ± 6.20 | 141.54 ± 6.07 | 143.43 ± 8.16 | 144.50 ± 8.05 | 145.93 ± 8.43 | 146.98 ± 8.36 | 161.16 ± 18.85 | 158.84 ± 19.32 | 153.30 ± 16.95 | 152.58 ± 16.46 | F 3.140 = 15.41, p < 0.001 | F 3.140 = 9.55, p < 0.001 |
| Gray matter volume (cm3, mean ± SD) | 351.91 ± 4.91 | 348.79 ± 6.02 | 348.93 ± 7.57 | 341.43 ± 40.03 | 335.79 ± 29.93 | F 3.140 = 35.34, p < 0.001 | ||||||