Table 1.
Patient Characteristics
| Variable | Overall (N = 1495) | Prerecommendation (January to June) (n = 729) | Postrecommendation (July to December) (n = 766) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age y | 64 ± 11 | 63 ± 11 | 64 ± 11 | .07 |
| Female | 382 (26) | 173 (24) | 209 (27) | .12 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 29.7 ± 5.7 | 29.8 ± 5.7 | 29.6 ± 5.7 | .54 |
| Race | ||||
| Caucasian | 1296 (87) | 630 (86) | 666 (87) | .84 |
| Black | 103 (7) | 54 (7) | 49 (6) | |
| Non-Caucasian, non-Black | 47(3) | 23 (3) | 24 (3) | |
| Not stated | 49(3) | 22 (3) | 27 (4) | |
| Diabetes | 555 (37) | 256 (35) | 299 (39) | .11 |
| Hypertension | 1246 (83) | 591 (81) | 655 (86) | .021 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 310 (21) | 137 (19) | 173 (23) | .07 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 157 (11) | 79 (11) | 78 (10) | .69 |
| Congestive heart failure | 525 (35) | 270 (37) | 255 (34) | .15 |
| Cancer within 5 y | 95 (6) | 54(7) | 41 (5) | .11 |
| Depression | 277 (19) | 128 (18) | 149 (20) | .33 |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Never smoker | 613 (41) | 307 (42) | 306 (40) | .61 |
| Former smoker | 625 (42) | 303 (42) | 322 (42) | |
| Current smoker | 256 (17) | 119 (16) | 137 (18) | |
| Procedure | ||||
| Isolated CABG | 822 (55) | 371 (51) | 451 (59) | .005 |
| Isolated valve | 446 (30) | 228 (31) | 218 (28) | |
| CABG/valve | 181 (12) | 101 (14) | 80 (10) | |
| Other | 46(3) | 29 (4) | 17 (2) | |
| Operative acuity | ||||
| Elective | 892 (60) | 456 (63) | 436 (57) | .024 |
| Urgent | 561 (38) | 249 (34) | 312 (41) | |
| Emergent | 42(3) | 24 (3) | 18 (2) | |
| Postoperative length of stay, d | 6.7 ± 3.0 | 6.9 ± 3.0 | 6.5 ± 3.0 | .027 |
| Postoperative complication | 591 (40) | 302 (41) | 289 (38) | .14 |
| Inpatient opioid use on day before discharge, in 5-mg oxycodone pills | 0.7 (0–2.4) | 0.7 (0–2.7) | 0.6 (0–2.0) | .023 |
Values are mean ± SD, n (%), or median (interquartile range).
CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting.