Table 3:
Sociodemographics and Risk/Benefit Assessment – Research Scenario & Passed Test Questions1
| Risk-Benefit Evaluation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic [N (%)] | Risks probably/definitely outweigh benefits | Risks and benefits equal | Benefits probably/definitely outweigh risks | p value |
| Gender Identity | ||||
| Male | 71 (28.46) | 77 (33.07) | 97 (38.47) | 0.012 |
| Female | 94 (36.99) | 95 (37.51) | 62 (25.50) | |
| Age | ||||
| 18–29 | 23 (27.85) | 30 (39.09) | 29 (33.06) | 0.615 |
| 30–44 | 47 (36.39) | 38 (31.09) | 42 (32.51) | |
| 45–59 | 40 (29.43) | 53 (39.48) | 41 (31.09) | |
| 60+ | 55 (37.54) | 51 (32.32) | 47 (30.14) | |
| Race | ||||
| White | 134 (32.21) | 147 (36.32) | 131 (31.47) | 0.845 |
| Black or African American | 12 (34.90) | 15 (38.54) | 11 (26.56) | |
| Asian | 7 (33.88) | 5 (23.92) | 9 (42.20) | |
| Other | 12 (40.37) | 5 (25.39) | 8 (34.24) | |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | 23 (39.08) | 13 (27.24) | 18 (33.68) | 0.388 |
| Non-Hispanic | 142 (31.81) | 159 (36.80) | 141 (31.38) | |
| Income | ||||
| Less than $49,999 | 43 (33.48) | 48 (41.67) | 32 (24.85) | 0.206 |
| $50,000 – $99,999 | 59 (36.23) | 53 (31.45) | 52 (32.31) | |
| $100,000 or greater | 63 (29.94) | 71 (34.05) | 75 (36.01) | |
| Education | ||||
| Less than high school | 17 (36.37) | 11 (29.10) | 13 (34.53) | 0.718 |
| High school | 38 (30.39) | 49 (41.64) | 35 (27.97) | |
| Some college | 42 (32.27) | 50 (36.96) | 41 (30.78) | |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher | 68 (34.16) | 62 (31.51) | 70 (34.33) | |
| Region | ||||
| Northeast | 33 (34.90) | 37 (36.97) | 25 (28.12) | 0.37 |
| Midwest | 29 (27.45) | 36 (36.74) | 41 (35.81) | |
| South | 68 (38.07) | 61 (34.90) | 48 (27.03) | |
| West | 35 (28.35) | 38 (33.71) | 45 (37.94) | |
| Do you have any children? | ||||
| No | 58 (32.19) | 57 (34.78) | 61 (33.02) | 0.872 |
| Yes | 107 (33.48) | 115 (35.90) | 97 (30.62) | |
| Have any of your children ever had a serious illness? | ||||
| No | 90 (34.33) | 100 (37.80) | 72 (27.88) | 0.0744 |
| Yes | 17 (29.42) | 15 (26.84) | 25 (43.75) | |
| Have you ever enrolled in medical research yourself? | ||||
| No | 151 (33.22) | 155 (35.22) | 145 (31.56) | 0.877 |
| Yes | 14 (29.30) | 17 (37.16) | 14 (33.54) | |
| Have you ever enrolled any of your children in medical research? | ||||
| No | 105 (34.25) | 109 (35.82) | 91 (29.93) | 0.396 |
| Yes | 2 (17.75) | 6 (37.57) | 6 (44.68) | |
| Attitudes Toward Research | ||||
| Medical researchers can be trusted to protect the people who take part in their studies. | ||||
| Disagreed | 38 (46.28) | 26 (35.39) | 14 (18.33) | <0.0001 |
| Neutral | 76 (36.34) | 85 (40.63) | 47 (23.03) | |
| Agreed | 46 (23.21) | 60 (30.95) | 94 (45.84) | |
| People have some responsibility to help others by participating in research. | ||||
| Disagreed | 57 (53.02) | 36 (32.25) | 16 (14.72) | <0.0001 |
| Neutral | 55 (31.45) | 78 (46.10) | 41 (22.45) | |
| Agreed | 48 (22.01) | 57 (28.76) | 98 (49.23) | |
| Medical research is important for helping to improve health and combating disease | ||||
| Disagreed | 2 (35.70) | 0 (0) | 3 (64.30) | N/A |
| Neutral | 13 (44.72) | 15 (54.27) | 1 (1.01) | |
| Agreed | 145 (31.85) | 156 (34.92) | 151 (33.22) | |
1
Counts unweighted, proportions weighted, p values based on weighted analysis