. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Pediatr. 2021 Jul 15;238:282–289.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.07.013

TABLE 4.

Youth ED Visits for Self-Harm by Injury Mechanism and Urban-Rural Location of Residence

Mechanism	ED Visits (%)^a	ED Visit Rate per 100,000 Youth		Incidence Rate Ratio (95% CI)	Adjusted^c Incidence Rate Ratio (95% CI)
Mechanism	ED Visits (%)^a	Urban (95% CI)^b	Rural (95% CI)^b	Incidence Rate Ratio (95% CI)	Adjusted^c Incidence Rate Ratio (95% CI)
Cut/Pierce	14341 (13.5%)	22.40 (19.60, 25.20)	27.06 (22.53, 31.58)	1.21 (0.98, 1.49)	1.20 (1.00, 1.43)
Firearm	74 (0.1%)	0.09 (0.04, 0.14)	0.31 (0.06, 0.57)	3.58 (1.31, 9.81)^e	3.03 (1.32, 6.74)^e
Poisoning	84083 (79.2%)	129.47 (117.23, 141.7)	170.22 (152.93, 187.52)	1.31 (1.14, 1.51)^f	1.28 (0.99, 1.66)
Suffocation	1019 (1.0%)	1.59 (1.29, 1.89)	1.93 (1.14, 2.71)	1.21 (0.77, 1.90)	1.23 (0.72, 2.02)
Other^d	21653 (20.4%)	3.273 (2.925, 3.621)	4.761 (4.109, 5.412)	1.45 (1.22, 1.73)^f	1.37 (0.98, 1.90)
All Mechanisms	106181 (100%)	163.52 (148.29, 178.75)	214.76 (194.04, 235.49)	1.31 (1.15, 1.50)^f	1.27 (0.96, 1.68)

^a.

Percentage among ED visits for self-harm. Percentages add to greater than 100% because visits could involve more than one mechanism.

^b.

Urban includes large, medium, and small metropolitan areas. Rural includes micropolitan and noncore areas.

^c.

Adjusted for age, sex, U.S. Census region.

^d.

Other includes: Drowning/Submersion, Fire/Burn, Fall, All Transportation, Natural Environment, Struck by/against, Other Specified, Unspecified.

^e.

P<0.01

^f.

P<0.001