Table 2.
Hierarchical regression models predicting affective well-being and engagement with life by spirituality and individual values (n = 1863)
| AWB (I) | AWB (II) | AWB (III) | EwL (I) | EwL (II) | EwL (III) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (SE)a | β (SE)a | β (SE)a | β (SE)a | β (SE)a | β (SE)a | |
| Constant | 4.9 (. 47)*** | 3.164 (0.17)*** | 1.517 (0.45)*** | 2.863 (0.31)*** | 1.606 (0.30)*** | 0.338 (0.02) |
| Control variables | ||||||
| Age | −0.08 (0.01)*** | −0.07 (0.01)** | −0.03 (0.01) | −0.03 (0.00)*** | −0.07 (0.00)*** | −0.03 (0.00) |
| Gender (ref: male) | 0.10 (0.05)*** | 0.07 (0.05)** | 0.06 (0.04)* | −0.03 (0.03) | −0.05 (0.03)* | −0.06 (0.03)** |
| Low education (ref: high) | −0.20 (0.07)*** | −0.14 (0.06)*** | −0.09 (0.06)** | −0.11 (0.04)*** | −0.07 (0.04)* | −0.02 (0.04) |
| Medium education (ref: high) | −0.12 (0.06)*** | −0.09 (0.06)** | −0.07 (0.05)* | −0.05 (0.04) | −0.02 (0.04) | −0.01 (0.03) |
| Full in-patient care | −0.20 (0.07)*** | −0.12 (0.07)*** | −0.08 (0.06)*** | −0.34 (0.04)*** | −0.25 (0.04)*** | −0.22 (0.04)*** |
| Multimorbidity | −0.10 (0.17)*** | −0.10 (0.16)*** | −0.10 (0.15)*** | −0.13 (0.11)*** | −0.14 (0.10)*** | −0.13 (0.10)*** |
| Spirituality | ||||||
| Transcendental connectedness | – | −0.01 (0.03) | −0.01 (0.03) | – | 0.05 (0.02) | 0.05 (0.02) |
| Interpersonal connectedness | – | 0.13 (0.03)*** | 0.06 (0.03)** | – | 0.11 (0.02)*** | 0.05 (0.02)* |
| Environmental connectedness | – | 0.21 (0.03)*** | 0.08 (0.03)** | – | 0.23 (0.02)*** | 0.09 (0.02)*** |
| Institutionalized religion | – | 0.04 (0.03) | 0.03 (0.02) | – | 0.07 (0.02)* | 0.07 (0.02)* |
| Part of a greater whole | – | 0.12 (0.03)*** | 0.05 (0.03) | – | 0.10 (0.02)** | 0.04 (0.02) |
| Religious practices | – | −0.04 (0.03) | −0.04 (0.03) | – | −0.12 (0.02)** | −0.12 (0.02)*** |
| Faith or spirituality in life | – | −0.02 (0.03) | −0.02 (0.03) | – | −0.03 (0.02) | −0.02 (0.02) |
| Individual values | ||||||
| Self-direction | – | – | 0.23 (0.03)*** | – | – | 0.21 (0.02)*** |
| Power | – | – | −0.07 (0.02)** | – | – | −0.02 (0.01) |
| Security | – | – | −0.03 (0.03) | – | – | −0.02 (0.02) |
| Hedonism | – | – | 0.09 (0.02)*** | – | – | 0.06 (0.02)** |
| Benevolence | – | – | 0.16 (0.03)*** | – | – | 0.11 (0.02)*** |
| Achievement | – | – | 0.04 (0.02) | – | – | 0.08 (0.01)*** |
| Stimulation | – | – | 0.08 (0.03)*** | – | – | 0.07 (0.02)*** |
| Conformity | – | – | −0.11 (0.02)*** | – | – | −0.00 (0.01) |
| Universalism | – | – | 0.09 (0.03)*** | – | – | 0.14 (0.02)*** |
| Tradition | – | – | 0.02 (0.03) | – | – | −0.03 (0.02) |
| Radj2b | 0.088*** | 0.183*** | 0.321*** | 0.172*** | 0.270*** | 0.384*** |
Weighted data. Results obtained from imputed dataset. App. D in the electronic supplement provides information on differing results obtained from the original dataset
*p ≤ 0.05 **p ≤ 0.01 ***p ≤ 0.001
aCoefficients and standard errors calculated as mean values from all imputed data sets as SPSS does not support calculation of values for the combined dataset
bCalculated as the mean value of Radj2 in all imputed data sets