Fig. 5. Hepatocyte-derived EV treatment reduced Gr-1 positive neutrophil and F4/80 positive cell infiltration into the liver.

A Gr-1 (green) and DAPI (blue) staining of liver sections of the mice treated with CCL₄ + PBS, CCL₄ + HepG2-EVs, or CCL₄ + PXB-EVs. Gr-1 positive cells were enumerated in 10 fields from 3 mice. Ratio to total cells was calculated. B ROS (green) staining using 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescenin diacetate (DCFDA) and DAPI (blue) staining of liver sections of the mice treated with CCL₄ + PBS, CCL₄ + HepG2-EVs, or CCL₄ + PXB-EVs. Fluorescent intensity was measured in 10 fields from 3 mice using ImageJ. C F4/80 (green) and DAPI (blue) staining of liver sections of the mice treated with CCL₄ + PBS, CCL₄ + HepG2-EVs, or CCL₄ + PXB-EVs. F4/80 positive cells were calculated in 10 fields from 3 mice. Ratio to total cells was calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and subsequent Tukey’s HSD method. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. White bars indicate 50 μm.