Table 1.
Variables | Did not consume (N = 2,784) | Alcohol consumption change | X 2 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unchangeda | Increasedb | Decreasedc | |||||||
(N = 38) | (N = 79) | (N = 31) | |||||||
n | n | % | n | % | n | % | |||
Sex | |||||||||
Male | 578 | 11 | 28.9 | 21 | 26.6 | 15 | 48.4 | 5.07 | |
Female | 2,206 | 27 | 71.1 | 58 | 73.4 | 16 | 51.6 | ||
Age | |||||||||
Early adolescent | 343 | 8 | 21.1 | 9 | 11.4 | 3 | 9.7 | 3.05 | |
Mid adolescent | 619 | 5 | 13.2 | 11 | 13.9 | 3 | 9.7 | ||
Late adolescent | 1,822 | 25 | 65.8 | 59 | 74.7 | 25 | 80.6 | ||
Education | |||||||||
Up to junior high | 858 | 12 | 31.6 | 18 | 22.8 | 7 | 22.6 | 1.45 | |
High school | 1,734 | 23 | 60.5 | 52 | 65.8 | 20 | 64.5 | ||
Higher studies | 192 | 3 | 7.9 | 9 | 11.4 | 4 | 12.9 | ||
Occupation | |||||||||
Non-university students | 1,580 | 24 | 63.2 | 48 | 60.8 | 12 | 38.7 | 11.24 | |
University students | 1,107 | 12 | 31.6 | 24 | 30.4 | 17 | 54.8 | ||
Employed | 96 | 2 | 5.3 | 7 | 8.9 | 1 | 3.2 | ||
NEETd | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 3.2 | ||
Household monthly income | |||||||||
Low | 989 | 12 | 31.6 | 40 | 50.6 | 8 | 25.8 | 21.09** | |
Lower middle | 1,242 | 11 | 28.9 | 31 | 39.2 | 13 | 41.9 | ||
Upper Middle | 417 | 6 | 15.8 | 7 | 8.9 | 4 | 12.9 | ||
High | 136 | 9 | 23.7 | 1 | 1.3a,c | 6 | 19.4 | ||
Adults within household | |||||||||
0 | 33 | 1 | 2.6 | 3 | 3.8 | 2 | 6.5 | 0.67 | |
1–2 | 936 | 14 | 36.8 | 26 | 32.9 | 8 | 25.8 | ||
3–5 | 1,562 | 20 | 52.6 | 43 | 54.4 | 18 | 58.1 | ||
>5 | 253 | 3 | 7.9 | 7 | 8.9 | 3 | 9.7 | ||
Region | |||||||||
Implemented PSBBe | 2,368 | 34 | 89.5 | 68 | 86.1 | 20 | 64.5 | 5.97 | |
Has not implemented PSBBe | 416 | 4 | 10.5 | 11 | 13.9 | 11 | 35.5 | ||
Physical distancing | |||||||||
Practiced | 2,678 | 36 | 94.7 | 75 | 94.9 | 30 | 96.8 | 0.2 | |
Did not practice | 106 | 2 | 5.3 | 4 | 5.1 | 1 | 3.2 | ||
Positive/suspect case in household | |||||||||
Yes | 98 | 2 | 5.3 | 2 | 2.5 | 1 | 3.2 | 0.59 | |
No | 2,686 | 36 | 94.7 | 77 | 97.5 | 30 | 96.8 | ||
AUDIT cat | |||||||||
Normal | 22 | 57.9b,c | 68 | 86.1a,c | 9 | 29.0a,b | 35.53*** | ||
Harmful alcohol use | 3 | 7.9 | 3 | 3.8 | 3 | 9.7 | |||
Likelihood of any alcohol disorder | 13 | 34.2 | 8 | 10.1a,c | 19 | 61.3 | |||
PSQI | |||||||||
Normal | 1,517 | 20 | 52.6 | 53 | 67.1 | 14 | 45.2 | 5.22 | |
Poor sleep quality | 1,267 | 18 | 47.4 | 26 | 32.9 | 17 | 54.8 | ||
Emotional problems | |||||||||
Close to average | 1,583 | 21 | 55.3 | 50 | 63.3 | 18 | 58.1 | 8.81 | |
Slightly raised | 370 | 1 | 2.6 | 9 | 11.4 | 2 | 6.5 | ||
High | 260 | 4 | 10.5 | 3 | 3.8 | 5 | 16.1 | ||
Very high | 571 | 12 | 31.6 | 17 | 21.5 | 6 | 19.4 | ||
Conduct problems | |||||||||
Close to average | 2,510 | 34 | 89.5 | 69 | 87.3 | 25 | 80.6 | 5.87 | |
Slightly raised | 168 | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 3.8 | 3 | 9.7 | ||
High | 45 | 1 | 2.6 | 2 | 2.5 | 2 | 6.5 | ||
Very high | 61 | 3 | 7.9 | 5 | 6.3 | 1 | 3.2 | ||
Hyperactivity | |||||||||
Close to average | 2,124 | 33 | 86.8 | 62 | 78.5 | 21 | 67.7 | 16.82** | |
Slightly raised | 359 | 3 | 0.8 | 12 | 15.2 | 6 | 19.4a,b | ||
High | 199 | 2 | 1.0 | 5 | 6.3 | 3 | 9.7 | ||
Very high | 102 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 3.2 | ||
Peer problems | |||||||||
Close to average | 2,310 | 31 | 81.6 | 62 | 78.5 | 26 | 83.9 | 8.63 | |
Slightly raised | 254 | 1 | 2.6 | 11 | 13.9 | 1 | 3.2 | ||
High | 162 | 5 | 13.2 | 4 | 5.1 | 2 | 6.5 | ||
Very high | 58 | 1 | 2.6 | 2 | 2.5 | 2 | 6.5 | ||
Prosocial behaviors | |||||||||
Close to average | 243 | 7 | 18.4 | 16 | 20.3 | 6 | 19.4 | 2.46 | |
Slightly decreased | 166 | 4 | 10.5 | 5 | 6.3 | 1 | 3.2 | ||
Low | 262 | 6 | 15.8 | 8 | 10.1 | 4 | 12.9 | ||
Very low | 2,113 | 21 | 55.3 | 50 | 63.3 | 20 | 64.5 |
Significant difference Bonferroni corrected;
not in employment, education, or training;
large-scale social distancing;
p ≤ 0.01;
p ≤ 0.001.