Table 2.
Studies on bone formation markers.
| Marker | Reference | Sample location | Sample size (N) | Finding |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAP/TAP | Lumachi et al. (57) | Serum | 35 | Using a cut-off value of 50 U/l for BAP, the sensitivity and specificity were 37.5% and 84.2%, respectively. |
| Bayrak et al. (28) | Serum | 65 | Serum levels of total ALP and BAP were significantly higher in the group with bone metastasis (p<0.05). According to the ROC curve analysis, at the threshold value of 22.38 μg/l, the sensitivity and specificity of BAP were 60.87% and 69.05%, respectively. | |
| Tang et al. (33) | Serum | 143 | The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of BAP was 0.760 (p<0.0001). The cut-off value for BAP was 21.8 μg/l. | |
| Osteocalcin (OC) | Karapanagiotou et al. (42) | Serum | 68 | Decreased OC and increased OPN serum levels were detected in NSCLC patients with bone metastasis. |
| Terpos et al. (43) | Serum | 79 | OC was significantly decreased in the group of patients who developed bone metastasis at some point during the course of their disease. Patients with bone metastasis showed an increase in OPN. | |
| Bayrak et al. (28) | Serum | 65 | OC was not significantly different between the group with and without bone metastasis. | |
| Osteopontin (OPN) | Chen et al. (63) | Blood lymphocytes | 360 | Patients with the OPN−443 (CC) variant had a significantly higher incidence of bone metastasis compared with other genotypes. |
| PINP/PICP | Kobayashi et al. (67) | Serum | 59 | PINP was significantly correlated with clinical stage, extent of bone metastasis, survival time, D-dimer, and tumor size. |
| Ebert et al. (41) | Serum | 150 | The concentration of PINP was significantly higher in patients with bone metastasis (p<0.01). The sensitivity (specificity) values for PINP and PICP were 18.4% (97.5%) and 2.1% (95.2%), respectively. |
ALP, alkaline phosphatase; BAP, bone specific alkaline phosphatase; NSCLC, non-small-cell lung cancer; PICP, carboxy-terminal extension propeptide of type I procollagen; PINP, amino-terminal extension propeptide of type I procollagen; ROC, receiver operating characteristic; TAP, total serum alkaline phosphatase.