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. 2021 Oct 14;12:726132. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.726132

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Copyright © 2021 Leal, Richet, Guise, Gramaje, Armengol, Fontaine and Trotel-Aziz.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Antagonistic activity of Bacillus subtilis PTA-271 and Trichoderma atroviride SC1 against the Neofusicoccum parvum strain Bt67. (A) T. atroviride SC1 (Ta) was applied 48 h before N. parvum (Np) in the opposite sides of PDA plates. (B) B. subtilis PTA-271 (Bs) was applied 48 h before N. parvum (Np-Bt67) in the opposite sides of PDA plates. (C) B. subtilis PTA-271 (Bs) was applied 48 h before N. parvum (Np) and T. atroviride (Ta) at distinct areas of the PDA plates. (D) B. subtilis PTA-271 (Bs) and T. atroviride SC1 (Ta) were applied 48 h before N. parvum (Np) at distinct areas of the PDA plates. All plates were incubated at 28°C. Pictures of each plate condition were taken from day 1 to day 11 after the first inoculation. Photos on top are the control of Np-Bt67 and photos at the bottom indicate the confrontation assay at day 4 (left) and day 11 (right).